The Use of Spirulina-Bioencapsulated Artemia as Feed in White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone.) Postlarvae Culture

• Main Author: Kurniasih
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/34691
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The research was aimed to document the effect of Spirulina sp. bioencapsulation in Artemia sp. on survival rate and growth of white shrimp postlarvae (PL). The research was conducted by following four consecutive steps including : (1) production of Spirulina sp. biomass on Schlösser medium; (2) determination of the best hatching method of Artemia sp. cyst using nondecapsulation, decapsulation with chlorine, and decapsulation with chlorine and base, (3) optimization of Artemia sp. bioencapsulation with 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 ppm of Spirulina sp. and commercial enrichment product used as control treatment, and (4) documentation of Spirulina-enriched Artemia effect on survival rate and growth of white shrimp PL. At step four, the white shrimp PL with initial stocking density 40 ind./beaker glass were reared in a 2 liters beaker glass eqquipped with aeration system. Afterward, the culture system was installed in a waterbath to keep the culture temperature stable at 29±1oC. During the trial, the culture salinity was kept at 30 ppt and the aeration rate was maintained at 500 mL/minute. Several parameters including survival rate, growth rate, water quality (ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, pH, DO) were measured. The experiment was setted up using the complete random design (RAL) with triplication and repeated by time (11x3x2). Based on the results, the productivity of Spirulina sp. of 0,02 g/L/d sp. was obtained during 7 days of culture period. Based on the hatching period during the Artemia cyst hatching, obtained that the use of decapsulation with chlorine method contributed to the shortest time of hatching (18 hours) followed by decapsulation with chlorine and base (20 hours) and nondecapsulation (24 hours). Furthermore, decapsulation with chlorine can also affect to the lowest load of Vibrio sp. and total bacteria (3,33x102 CFU/mL; 3,33x104 CFU /mL) compared with chlorine and base (6,67x102 CFU/mL; 4,3x104 CFU/mL) and nondecapsulation (1,07x104 CFU/mL; 1,57x106 CFU/mL). The highest survival rate of white shrimp PL was found at bioencapsulation with commercial product 400 ppm (96,67±2.89%), followed by Spirulina 400 ppm (95,83±2,89%) and the lowest survival rate (40,83±3.82%) was obtained at control. The highest body weight was mesured at the commercial product 500 ppm (11,45±0,06 mg) followed by Spirulina 500 ppm (9,04±0,34 mg). The highest body length was measured at commercial product 500 ppm (13,34±0,62 mm), followed by Spirulina 500 ppm (13,18±0,17 mm), and the lowest body length was in control (11,03±0,22 mm). Statistiscally, the survival rate, body weight, and body length were not significantly different between the treatment at the same concentration (P>0,05). From economic point of view, the use of Spirulina bioencapsulation in backyard hatchery scale of white shrimp with 10 times production ciclus, contributes to the benefit increament of Rp404.991.600 a year and faster pay back period (PBP) was also calculated compared with hatchery using Artemia without any bioencapsulation. The benefit and PBP of using Spirulina bioencapsulation and commercial product bioencapsulation are not different. It could be concluded that Spirulina sp. is potential to be used to enrich Artemia for white shrimp postlarvae culture in the hatchery.