EVALUATION OF THE SUCCESS RATE OF MARINE PROTECTED AREA (MPA), AT BONDALEM VILLAGE, BULELENG DISTRICT, BALI

• Main Author: Suryadi, Adita
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/34932
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The current condition of coral reefs in Indonesia is in the condition of being worried. To avoid the catastrophic extinction of biodiversity in coral reefs, a variety of conservation efforts have been made by the government and people of Indonesia to maintain and improve the quality of coral reef ecosystems. One of the popular conservation program in Indonesia is called a Marine Protected Area or MPA. To make the MPA works successfully the whole society should be invited to participate in the planning, management and supervision of the MPA. Not only that, the MPA also must be able to improve the quality of community life in terms of ecological, economic and social aspects. One of the MPA program that considered to have a good social-economic values is in Bondalem Village, Bali. This place is interesting to study how such the MPA operates at Bondalem, in which is not disturbed by any social and economic conflicts. This study was to see how successful the recovery of coral reef ecosystems and what factors that determine the level of the MPA’s success. In order to get a quickshort analysis of the ecosystem conditions, the Reef Check Method has been applied. This method includes the substrate line transect, fish and invertebrate belt transects. In the substrate line transect, every type of substrate was recorded at any point 0.5 meter. The fish belt transect and invertebrate belt transect were conducted in the dimensions of 20 meters, width of 5 meters and 5 meters to the surface. Sampling was done with 4 replicates, each sample was separated along the 5-meters, in order to ensure that the sample did not interfere each other. By comparing the data obtained from 2009 and 2010, the living coral covers in the core zone at the depths of 3 m and 10 m showed as a better category. At the depth of 3 m, the live coverage such as hard coral, soft coral, nutrient indicator algae, sponges and other are increased from 49% to 51.25% or from as a medium category to a good category. At the depth of 10 m the live coverage increased from 41% to 66.25% or from as a medium category to a good category. The number of fishes found also increased. 6 Base on this data, the MPA seemed to provide the opportunity for the fishes that t those have a fast reproductive time (<12 months) and a high resilience such as for the fish chaetodontidae, whereas one type of the fish lutjanidae found that have a medium reproductive time (1.4 to 4.4 years), is considered as a medium resilience. Overall from this study, it revealed an excellent lesson on how to operate such the successful MPA at the Bondalem-Bali. This was happened because of several factors, namely (1) a full support from almost all of the local community , (2) a village regulation provided as a law base, which is fully supported by the traditional rules of Bali, (3) a good planning and preparation in the process of formatting the MPA, (4) a trend in lowering the level of the livelihoods depending mainly on coral reef ecosystems, and (5) the people of Bali are always in compliance with their traditional rules.