AGRICULTURAL TRADING SYSTEM DESCRIPTION AND EVALUATION OF INDUSTRIAL CASSAVA (Manihot esculenta Crantz) IN NORTH LAMPUNG REGENCY

• Main Author: Adi Saputra S Si, Dwi
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/34939
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Inequality contribution of Indonesian Gross Domestic Production (GDP) between Java region (58%) and outside Java region (42%) led to the inequality welfare of the Indonesian population. To reduce or eliminate the inequality contribution of GDP, then the local resource-based industries in areas outside of Java needs to be encouraged. North Lampung is one of regencies in Lampung province where the province has contributed 2% of GDP in 2010. This region is rich in cassava as the basis for industrial development in this region. However, before this is done, it needs a deep study about the cassava potential as an industrial base in this district. One aspect to note is the description and the efficiency of commodity marketing of this transaction. The research is intended to describe, evaluate, and advise on transactions in the trading system of cassava marketing in North Lampung District, so that it can be used as a reference to improve cassava-based economic activities in the area of North Lampung. The study is divided into two parts, a description and evaluation. The results showed that the perpetrators of North Lampung cassava trading system consists of farmers, pemborong, agents, lapak, and factories. Strategic interaction among them is the transaction, cooperation, competition, and information exchange. Furthermore, also found that there are eight possible patterns of transactions with the perpetrators preference to the patterns of farmers - agents - factories. However, in the evaluation of marketing efficiency found that the pattern of transactions with the lowest percentage marketing margin is the pattern of farmers - factories for 12,07% while the transaction pattern of farmers - the agent - the factories is a pattern that provides the greatest income for farmers. Elements of the marketing margin analysis, found that the cost of transportation is the biggest cost in marketing of cassava in North Lampung at 42,99% - 53,51%. This is supported by data of road damages in North Lampung by 40,47%. Analysis of market structure in factories level is close to oligopsony while the distributor level is close to perfect competition. Market price formation by the factories is influenced from internal factors namely, demand, competition, and supply; some of external factors is the price of Thai tapioca with a correlation coefficient of 0,807 and the emergence of v a new factory that will increase the selling price of cassava. Providing information on Thai tapioca price for farmers are expected to provide predictions of change in cassava prices in North Lampung while the addition of new large-scale factories is not recommended given the current conditions of supply of cassava is lower than the demand. Cassava price volatility during 2007 to 2009 provides the possibility of the benefit of farmers amounted to Rp 84.65 / kg for the var. Thailand and Rp 94.79 / kg for var. kasesa. Possible losses of farmers due to price volatility is 23,72% (var. Thailand) and 24,35% (var. kasesa). Evaluation of market power of farmers showed that farmers of respondents with the largest acreage, 25 ha, has only the power of 0,0629% compared to the largest agency with the 200 tons / day supply ability had a 5,31% market power and compared to the factories with absorbent capacity 200 tons / day by 3,57%. Therefore, farmers in North Lampung should have or join into an agency or subagency to strengthen the forces of their market power. Form a real violation of the Law No 5 of 1999 regarding the prohibition of monopolies and unfair competition is not found. However, monitoring of the protection of unfair competition can be focused on price competition of factories and lapak.