UTILIZATION OF OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH CELLULOSE AS THE BASIC MATERIAL FOR ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY APLICATION
Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is a promising technology for keeping high crude oil production from old fields. Polymer flooding is one of the EOR techniques in which the viscosity of the injected fluid in the reservoir increases. This high viscosity increases the sweep efficiency of fluid so it can pu...
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| Format: | Final Project |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/35055 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is a promising technology for keeping high crude oil production from old fields. Polymer flooding is one of the EOR techniques in which the viscosity of the injected fluid in the reservoir increases. This high viscosity increases the sweep efficiency of fluid so it can push crude oil to production well more effectively. In this research, cellulose of the Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunch (POEFB), a solid waste from Crude Palm Oil (CPO) industry, has been used as polymer raw material for this application. This cellulose was converted to carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) by etherification using monochloroacetate acid (MCA) and sodium hydroxide with isopropanol as solvent. In order to find the optimum condition for the synthesis of CMC, varied concentrations of MCA and NaOH has been used. It was found that high relative degree of substitution (DSrel) and dynamic viscosity of 0.1% CMC solution were obtained by using 3.24 mol of NaOH 30% (w/v)/anhydroglucose unit (AGU) unit and 2.10 mol of MCA/AGU for 3.5 hours at 55 °C. Graft copolymerization of synthesized CMC with acrylamide has also been conducted. Optimal results based on the dynamic viscosity has been obtained by reacting CMC: AM in the ratio of 1:4; monomer concentration 20%; initiator 300 mg / L; reaction time 10 hours and reaction temperature 50 °C. The copolymer product has been characterized by FTIR and the rheology properties characterized by Fann VG viscometer. Rheology properties showed that the synthesized polymers were more resistant to salinity and shear rate compared to the commercial polymers. However, concerning it’s viscosity, higher concentrations of the synthesized polymer should be used to reach a similar viscosity as the commercial one |
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