INOVATION OF ESSENTIAL OIL FROM PATCHOULI LEAVES (POGOSTEMON CABLIN BENTH) BY PRE-PROCESSING FERMENTATION TREATMENT

• Main Author: Isna Retnowati, Werdi
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Kimia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/35376
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Market demand for Patchouli Oil, which is obtained from Pogostemon cablin Benth, rise every single year, even reached 2.074 ton in 2004. Indonesia fullfilled nearly halves of world's Pachouli oil demand (1000 ton) with varies quality. In pursuing Pachouli oil production & increasing its quality, it seems that development of Patchouli Oil isolation is still the main issue. Patchouli oil is produced in industrial scale using steam destilation. Previous study showed that combining extraction process with fermentation will increase the yield. In order to obtain outstanding, sustainable and established culture, the ferment was isolated from compost. In addition, in this experiment combination between steam destilation with pre-processed fermentation was studied and compared to that of extractin. Isolation was precede with culturing serial-diluted compost's microbes in Potato Dextrose Agar and Nutrient Agar medium. Seventeen single collonies were collected and proceed to biochemical test. Selulotic test, lipolitic test and sustained towards Patchouli's secondary metabolites (Patchouli-grown test) were conducted. Four candidates passed these tests, which were high activity of cellulase, low activity of lipase and survived in Patchouli medium. These single colonies microbes were assigned as NA-f, NA-d, NA-a, dan NA-b. The prime candidate (NA-f) was further identified microscopically and with ribotyping method using 18S rRNA. The results showed that NA-f was Aspergilus fumigatus. This candidate was used in fermentation of 50 grams of Patchouli leaves for 36 hours with shaking periodically every two hours. Patchouli oil was isolated via either steam distillation or continous extraction towards patchouli leave. Fermentation pre-processed sample showed increasing yield of patchouli oil up to 225% when combined with steam distillation and up to 556% when combined with continuous extraction compared to those of untreated sample.