SYNTHESIS OF CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLES CONTAIN MANGOSTIN AND CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLES CONTAIN PROPOLIS AND THE CYTOTOXIC EFFECTS ON MCF-7 CELLS

• Main Author: Adil Darmawan, Angga
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/35447
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Mangostin and propolis are natural ingredients that have anti-cancer effects. Both components could reduce the rate of proliferation activity as well as induce cancer cell apoptosis. However, direct administration of anti-cancer drug is unspecific, thus the concentration usually increased to enhance the cytotoxicity effects. The high concentration of drug can be toxic not only to cancer cell but also to normal cells. It is therefore necessary to use drug delivery system that can be delivered the drug to the target tissue specifically. It was reported that nanoparticles with size less than 400 nm are possible to enter cancerous tissue via leaky vasculature. Chitosan as a component of nanoparticles used in this study is a biocompatible and biodegradable compound. Therefore, encapsulated mangostin and propolis in chitosan nanoparticles could probably deliver to the target tissue effectively and can stop the growth of cancer cell. The purpose of this study was to synthesize chitosan nanoparticles containing mangostin and propolis, and to analyze its cytotoxicity effect on MCF-7 cells. The nanoparticles were synthesized using ionic gelation methods and then characterized the physical conditions of nanoparticles such as diameter (nm), distribution, and zeta potential (mV). Encapsulation efficiency (EE) was measured to determine the amount of mangostin and propolis that successfully encapsulated in nanoparticles. Then the cytotoxicity effects of mangostin and propolis nanoparticles were analyzed using MTT assay. The results showed that the diameter of blank chitosan nanoparticles, chitosan nanoparticles containing mangostin, and chitosan nanoparticles containing propolis were 207,8 ± 30,5 nm, 249,7 ± 18,7 nm and 268,2 ± 28,21 nm respectively. Zeta potential of all kind of those nanoparticles is above +25 mV. The results of the encapsulation efficiency (EE) indicated that mangostin has a better EE value when compared with propolis. Based on MTT assay’s results it is known that IC50 values of nanoparticles containing mangostin and propolis are 7,08 ?g/ml and 13,82 ?g/ml respectively. The IC50 value of combined mangostin and propolis nanoparticles is 5,72 ?g/ml. The IC50 value of unencapsulated mangostin and propolis are 117,6 ?g/ml and 171,88 ?g/ml respectively. The IC50 value of unencapsulated combined mangostin and propolis is 50,54 ?g/ml. These results indicate that mangostin and propolis can be encapsulated using chitosan v nanoparticles and have a cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cells. It can be concluded that chitosan nanoparticles can be synthetized with size less than 400 nm and zeta potential above + 25mV. The encapsulated mangostin and propolis by chitosan nanoparticles show a higher cytotoxicity effect than the unencapsulated mangostin and propolis.