INNOVATION AND CULTURAL VALUE IN INDIGENOUS ENTREPRENEURSHIP CASE STUDY OF SUKU SASAK’S HAND WOVEN FABRIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP, LOMBOK

• Main Author: Dina Adharina, Nabilla
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/35944
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Indigenous entrepreneurship can be seen as a process of creating, managing, and developing venture which is based on knowledge owned by indigenous people for economic and non-economic goal. Meanwhile, indigenous people is an individual or a group considered themselves that they are different from other society because of their different history, value, and language. Although there are many kind or type of entrepreneurship, innovation is an important condition for entrepreneurship. Innovation has always been associated with urban features because innovation is considered that it needs urban infrastructure, educated and creative human resources. Therefore, innovation becomes a challenge for indigenous entrepreneurs who always been associated with isolation and lower quality of human resources. On the other side, another study has found innovation within entrepreneurial activity conducted by Maori indigenous people hence innovation is not impossible for indigenous people. Understanding innovation within indigenous entrepreneurship needs to put entrepreneurial activity as a socio-spatial phenomena involving embedded local context, namely cultural value. The understanding of innovation within indigenous entrepreneurship is important considering this kind of phenomena is commonly developed in Indonesia. By comprehending how innovation can be promoted in indigenous entrepreneurship helps us to understand how this entrepreneurial activity contributing to the regional development. Therefore, this study aims to identify the mechanism of innovation within indigenous entrepreneurship. To identify the mechanism, this study employed case study approach and two cases are chosen, they are traditional hand woven fabric entrepreneurial activity in Pringgasela and Sukarara Village. These two cases represent indigenous entrepreneurship phenomena developed in Indonesia because this activity is conducted by Sasak ethnic people or group and the traditional hand woven fabric is also the product resulted by cultural practice. The chosen cases is expected to give a lesson learned how the differences of place-specific context, such as accessibility and location can reveals different cultural values yet they contribute to the innovation. To identify the mechanism of innovation, first, this study identified the type of innovation in each cases. Afterwards, this study identifies cultural values embedded in the implementation of innovation. Those cultural values are divided into three main orientations, the relation among human in social fabric, time orientation, motivation and desire of life. Afterwards, the study identify how the cultural values that have been obtained determines the mechanism of knowledge accumulation resulting innovation. The information needed for this study was collected by in-depth interview through participant chosen by purposive sampling and snowball sampling. In analysing process, this study employed constant comparative analysis, pattern matching, and explanation building. This study found that cultural values as local context determines innovation. Each region has different cultural value forming innovation. This study also found that there are cultural values promotes innovation and in some extent there are also cultural values inhibits innovation in the context of indigenous entrepreneurship. Cultural values reflecting higher integration within society, future time orientation, and individual autonomy promotes knowledge accumulation resulting innovation. Meanwhile, cultural values reflecting higher individualism, higher embeddedness, and higher past time orientation inhibits the flexibility of entrepreneurs in learning something new and also it limits the dissemination of new information. This study give an insight that local context cannot be ignored in understanding both entrepreneurship and innovation phenomena, especially in indigenous entrepreneurship activity. In addition, the result of this study also emphasizes that entrepreneurial activity could be an instrument to boost economy in lagging region, particularly in developing countries. However, innovation is still a though challenge for indigenous entrepreneur.