LEAFY (LFY), APETALA (AP), TERMINAL FLOWERING (TFL) AND AGAMOUS LIKE (AGL) GENES EXPRESSION IN THE INITIAL FLOWERING DEVELOPMENT OF TEAK (Tectona grandis L. f)

• Main Author: Setya Diningrat, Diky
• Format: Dissertations
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Ilmu hayati ; Biologi
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/36158
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Teak (Tectona grandis L.f) is a Lamiaceae family woody plant that have high economic value because it produces high-quality wood. Constraints in teak development is a slow growth rate and harvested ability after more than decades year old. This problem is related to teak flowering mechanism. Efforts to resolve teak development obstacles is done by delaying flowering so that the vegetative phase longer. The early development flowering transition of Arabidopsis is regulated by equilibrium specific genes Floral Meristem Identity and Floral Organ Identity namely LEAFY (LFY), APETALA (AP), TERMINAL FLOWERING (TFL) and AGAMOUS LIKE (AGL). These genes are genes that have a conserv region in homologs of different plant species, it is predicted that the same regulation will be found on teak. This research was carried out aiming to study gene expression, analyze the gene expression profile and develop predictive models of gene regulation of biological processes in the early flowering development stages of teak. The genetic information on the teak is still very limited.The presence of NGS-transcriptome analysis technologies provide alternative opportunities to acquire gene sequence teak quickly and accurately. Gene of the transcriptome data is analyzed in this study, through QRT-PCR approach. QRT-PCR results were analyzed further by cluster analysis algorithm based on Ward and Spearman, and Pearson correlation analysis using software Gen-Ex as well as confirmed by database processes and biological functions of the Arabidopsis model plant using genemania and g: profiler software to create predictive models of gene regulation. In EST teak transcriptome analysis results identified 103 genes associated Floral Meristem Identity (FMI) and Floral Organ Identity (FOI) which identified 7 gene sequences LEAFY (LFY), 7 gene sequences APETALA1 (AP1), 5 sequences of genes AP2, 14 gene sequences TERMINAL FLOWERING 1 (TFL1), 9 TFL2 gene sequences, 6 gene sequences AGAMOUS LIKE 8 (AGL8) and 3 sequences AGL98. Further analyzed genes that LFY3, LFY6, AP1-1, AP1-2, AP2-4, TFL1-1, TFL1-14, TFL2-6, AGL8-4, AGL98-1 and 18S Ribosomal based on the value of the E-value. Each gene has a different expression profile in the internodus, leaves, shoots vegetative buds terminal inflorescence, bud inflorescence lateral 2 and 4 phase. Results of the expression linkage and the gene expression profiles analysis are arranged in the prediction model of gene regulation at every early flowering teak stage. In internodus phase teak are predictive model of gene regulation of biological processes involving stem cell differentiation gene LFY3, LFY6, AP1-1 and AGL8-4 who allegedly directs internodus cells to differentiate toward teak generative bud formation. In the phase of teak leaves are predictive model of gene regulation for biological processes shoot system development were allegedly directed that teak leaf cells send signals to the apical buds flowering. In the phase of bud vegetative teak are predictive model of regulation for biological processes regulation of flower development, regulation of reproductive processes, reproductive shoot system development, flower development, reproductive process, shoot system development regulation of flower development and regulation of reproductive process that allegedly directing the development of shoots vegetative to generative. In this phase there are also predictions of gene regulation models for biological processes floral meristem determinacy allegedly directed to the development of the generative shoots. In the phase of bud inflorescence terminal teak are predictive models for biological processes reproductive system development, reproductive structure development, reproductive shoot system development, flower development, reproductive process, biological v reproduction, specification of organ identity and shoot system development allegedly directing bud inflorescence terminal teak to start flowers and inflorescence formation of new organs, while the biological processes directing bud inflorescence meristem maintenance teak terminal to initiate the formation of a new inflorescence. In this phase also, there is a prediction of the model of regulation in the process of regulation of reproductive biology process allegedly directing teak terminal inflorescence buds start forming a new inflorescence, while biological processes carpel and gynoecium development alleged role in the carpel and gynoecium development. In the inflorescence lateral 2 bud phase of teak, there is a prediction model of the gene expression relationship in gene regulation of biological processes stem cell development, stem cell differentiation, maintenance of meristem identity and regulation of cell differentiation allegedly directing bud inflorescence lateral 2 teak start meristem new for the formation of inflorescence the new, while the biological processes floral meristem determinacy allegedly directing lateral buds inflorescence 2 to the formation of flower organs. Prediction model of the relationship of gene expression in gene regulation of biological processes carpel and gynoecium development that occurs in the phase bud inflorescence lateral 4 teak allegedly directing bud inflorescence lateral 4 teak to further of the carpel and gyeonecium development, while the biological processes specification of organ identity teak allegedly directing lateral inflorescence bud 4 in further the floral organs formation of teak. In this phase also, there is a linkage model predictions of gene expression in gene regulation in the development process of stem cell biology, stem cell differentiation, maintenance of meristem identity and regulation of cell differentiation allegedly directing lateral inflorescence bud 4 on the new inflorescence formation of teak. Model prediction of teak regulation at the initial flowering development stage differs from existing models in the Arabidopsis model plant.This model will be information important in the selection of teak development strategy.