SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS IN ORCHID Phalaenopsis violacea H.Witte

• Main Author: Selvianti Sari, Yuni
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Ilmu hayati ; Biologi
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/36357
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Phalaenopsis violacea H.Witte in Indonesia is quite interested because of its bright, attractive and fragrant, but in general still using seed propagation, however it takes a longer time to obtain orchid seeds. One of the efforts in the propagation of P. violacea H.Witte in vitro somatic embryogenesis will result in plb (protocorm like body) to produce new plants in large numbers. This study aims to determine the combination of growth regulators NAA (Naphtalene Acetic Acid) and BAP (Benzyl Adenine Purin) suitable for induction of somatic embryos on orchid P. violacea H.Witte and know the anatomical structure of plb formed. The explants used are the leaves and roots of plantlets from results of in vitro culture of orchid seeds P. violacea. The medium used is ½ MS with the addition of a variety of combinations of growth regulators NAA and BAP. Plb formed then analyzed using paraffin and histochemistry. The results showed that the plb and shoots may be induced with the highest average in the combined medium D (½ MS + sucrose 0.5% + NAA 0.5 ppm + BAP 20 ppm + active charcoal 0.1%) with the average number plb was 15.47 ± 3.28 of the root explants and 16.20 ± 4.74 of the leaf explants. Buds formed on the root explants had average number was 14.83 ± 5.11 and leaf explants had average number was 14.58 ± 7.12. The observation of somatic embryos incision formed in orchid P. violacea H.Witte indicate that the PLB had embryogenic cells and had a developmentally phase of globular and heart. Histochemical test indicates cell nuclei are stained more strongly to test feulgen and purple colour complex on ninhydrin test. The conclusion of this study is the formation of somatic embryo optimum on orchid P. violacea H.Witte for induction of somatic embryo is a combination of medium D (½ MS + sucrose 0.5% + NAA 0.5 ppm + BAP 20 ppm + activated charcoal 0.1%) and plb was formed on orchid P. violacea H.Witte had embryogenic cells.