THE RELEVANCE OF STRATEGIC AREAS ESTABLISHMENT FOR REGIONAL TOURISM PERFORMANCE IN INDONESIA

• Main Author: Rossika, Ana
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/37362
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The prospect of Indonesia's tourism development is considered a strategic opportunity because it is supported by the potential of natural and cultural wealth. The development of Indonesian tourism is implemented through the development of large-scale tourism clusters supported by the determination of certain specificities for strategic tourism areas within them. The development of tourism clusters is motivated by accessibility needs and strategic tourism regional connectivity, which has implications for the formation of integration between tourism activities and supporting facilities. This research is evaluation of strategic area establisment in improving regional tourism performance in Indonesia. The strategic areas in this study is a policy that can affect government intervention in human resources, infrastructure, improvement of environmental quality, and regional expenditure as part of the tourism production system. There are various strategic areas raised in this study, which include the National Tourism Development Zone (KPPN), the National Tourism Strategic Area (KSPN), Priority Tourism Destinations (DPP), tourism Special Economic Zones (SEZ), and metropolitan. The definition of regional tourism performance is the positive externality of tourism development towards the community and regional economy. The evaluation of relevance of determining strategic areas to regional tourism performance is important because there are differences patterns or distribution of tourism activities and performance which tend to be concentrated around certain areas. The interaction effect and the strong relationship between economic actors can trigger spatial concentration growth, in consequence of region's ability to transform resources into competitive tourism production and service systems. This study uses a mix method approach with content analysis, panel data regression, and spatial econometrics methods. The tourism production system variables used in this study consist of tourism superstructure, quality of human resources, transportation infrastructure, and government commitment in environmental preservation, tourism development, and economic development. While the regional tourism performance variable is represented by GDP and employment absorption in the tourism sector. These variables are taken in district / city units in Indonesia in the 2011-2016 period. In general, there are differences interventions of strategic areas that can affect the achievement of regional tourism performance in the development of tourism production systems. KPPN, KSPN, and metropolitan are oriented towards growth and equity, while the DPP and KEK are oriented towards acceleration and equity. Based on the results of the analysis, it is known that the level of quality of human resources and transportation infrastructure are production system variables that have the highest elasticity in regional income and employment. Most "well-performing" tourism production systems are formed by urban agglomeration based on economic urbanization and localization, as the nontourism sector develops. In this case, there are interesting things in the tourism DPP and KEK because they have regional income elasticity and relatively small employment, although the government is prioritizing its development at this time.