MANUFACTURING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIDURI FIBER (CALOTROPIS GIGANTEA) NON WOVEN FOR SOUND ABSORBING MATERIALS

• Main Author: Sukmawati, Anne
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknik, prosedur, alat, perlengkapan, materi
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/37910
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Noise pollution is currently a major concern in addition to air and water pollution. The main solution for this problem is to use sound absorbing such as porous materials. Porous materials made from natural fibers, especially cellulose fibers are becoming alternative sound absorbing, because they are environmentally friendly, low density compared to synthetic fibers, cheaper, abundant, renewable and safer for health. Biduri fibers (Calotropis gigantea) is a cellulose fibers that has low density (872,8 kg/m3) and a hollow structure along the fiber, so it has potential for sound absorbing. This research will be study manufacturing and development of biduri nonwoven as a sound absorbing. Biduri fibers are processed using a hotpress machine into nonwoven fabric with fiber composition of 50-95% by weight of biduri fiber, thickness (5-7 mm) - (15-21 mm) and the density of biduri nonwoven 61,6 kg / m3 - 96,4 kg / m3. Sound absorption coefficient of biduri nonwoven was measured using a impedance tube system, according to ISO 10534-2:1998. Biduri nonwoven fabric has effectively absorbed at high frequency sound (2000-5000 Hz). The highest value of average sound absorption coefficient (NRC) is achieved from biduri nowoven with composition of 95% by weight biduri fiber, thickness of 15-21 mm. Increasing nonwoven thickness from 5-7 mm – 15-21 mm increased NRC 2.2-3 times. Increasing the density of biduri nonwoven especially at high density (96.4 kg / m3) reduced the NRC value to 25% for 3.5 mm thickness and 10% for 11 mm thickness. Nonwoven biduri fiber can be used as a sound absorbing material, better than glass fibers or other natural fiber. The sound absorption capability of biduri fibers made can meet the standards of nonwoven textile silencers based on SNI 8443: 2017, and can be categorized as sound absorbent material in buildings class C, D or E according to ISO 11654:1997.