THE EFFECT OF INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT GAP ON INCOME PER CAPITA IN SPECIAL REGION OF YOGYAKARTA PERIOD YEAR 2007-2016

• Main Author: Andana Warih, Herminingrum
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Perencanaan wilayah
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/39277
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

One of indicators that can describe the distribution of income is Gini Index. Vertically economic growth has a positive relationship with development inequality. The development of regional infrastructure is directed to reduce the imbalance between regions so that there is even distribution of development. The development of Gini Index for Special Region of Yogyakarta in 2007-2016 tends to increase, from the value of 0.378 to reach the value of 0.425 in 2016 (BPS, 2017). The Gini Index of 2016 is the highest in Indonesia in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, even above the average Gini Index of Indonesia. The causes of regional economic imbalances are partly due to differences in the distribution of resources in the region and the development of infrastructure that tends to be directed to densely populated areas. The development of regional infrastructure is expected to be a regional "economic growth engine" for local, regional and national scales. Infrastructure investments can have a significant impact on the region's economic growth rate and enhance competitiveness by increasing the attractiveness of the region as an investment location. Multiplier effects obtained from investment and infrastructure development are expected to decrease inequality and increase economic growth in Special Region of Yogyakarta. This indicates that inequality in Yogyakarta tends to increase from 2007-2016. The existence of infrastructure in general can have a positive effect on economic growth. This study aims to find out how the implications of infrastructure development gap to income per capita in Yogyakarta by using panel data period 2007-2016 period. This research was conducted in Yogyakarta with district / municipality analysis unit. Data used in this research are primary data and secondary data. Primary data was collected through indepth interviews with provincial Bappeda and all districts / municipalities as development providers. While the secondary data used comes from the publication of the Central Bureau of Statistics. The dependent variable used is GDP per capita and the independent variables are education, electricity, drinking water, sanitation and road. The analysis used in this research, such as: 1) sectoral analysis (to know the description of infrastructure gap with sectoral analysis unit) by using coefficient of variance method; 2) analysis of infrastructure development index (to know the gap of infrastructure development with area analysis unit) by calculating the multiplication of weighted results with AHP with normalized data with Transformed Value (TV) method; 3) gap analysis using coefficient of variance and paired sample t-test using IDI data 4) Klasssen typology analysis to see the regional economic position; and 5) model analysis the effect of infrastructure development on per capita income. The results of this study indicate that in general, Gunungkidul Regency has the most sectoral infrastructure gap. The highest infrastructure development index is located in Yogyakarta City as the provincial capital and as the National Activity Center (PKN). This is related to the completeness of its territorial infrastructure. Infrastructure development in the Special Region of Yogyakarta does not affect a significant increase in the percentage of people to access infrastructure. Based on testing the basic assumption in panel data regression model, it can be concluded that the best model that can be used is fixed effect model. Based on the calculation, it can be seen that the value of R2 obtained is 0.7772. The F test obtained is 0.0000. This shows that simultaneously all the infrastructure variables as independent variables have an effect on the increase of PDRB per capita which as dependent variable. While partially with t test indicate that road variable (with significance 0,000) have significant effect to increasing the GRDP per capita Special Region of Yogyakarta in period of 2007-2016.