NANOCOMPOSITE FLAT SHEET MEMBRANE BASED ON NANOCELLULOSE AND NANOSILICA WITH THE ADDITION OF MICROCELLULOSE FOR DESALINATION APPLICATION

• Main Author: Fadhlurrohman
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/39778
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Sea water desalination by using membrane is one of solution to provide clean water in solving water scarcity in the world. In previous studies, membrane was made by combining nanocellulose, nanozeolit, and chitosan. The membrane already has good strength but membrane has not been able to separate salt molecules from water and membrane requires high processing pressure that above 10 bar. That was due to membran’s pore size was too small. Therefore, in this study, flat sheet sheets membrane was developed by varying the composisition of nanocellulose and silica and also by adding nanosilica and microsilica to the membrane. The making of membrane is started by synthesis of nanocellusoe that comes from nata de banana skin, synthesis of nanosilica by sol-gel technique and ended by membrane making by combinng nanocellulose, nanosilica or microsilica, microcellulose and chitosan as binder. Characterization of the material bonds using FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometry), material mapping using EDS (Energy Dispersive Xray Spectroscopy), morphology using TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). The performance of membrane was evaluating by using dead-end desalination with saline water NaCl 3% (w/v) with percentage of salt rejection and flux as parameters. The studies accomplished to make two types of membrabes, microsilica membranes and nanosilica membranes that can be use for desalination. Both of membranes have processing pressure below 2 bar. The highest flux was obtained by membrane amounted to 9,375×103 L/m2h for microsilica membranes and 4,412×103 L/m2h for nanosilica membranes. The highest rejection was obtained by membrane amounted to 3,91% for microsilica membranes and 4,89% for nanosilica membrane. Therefore, flat sheets membrane has been successfully made.