PENGEMBANGAN FORMULA NANOPARTIKEL GENTAMISIN SULFAT DENGAN KITOSAN TERKONJUGASI ACEMANNAN

• Main Author: Yuliza Widianty, Nadila
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/40373
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Gentamicin sulfate is an antibiotic that actively treats extracellular infections, but has a limited ability to penetrate into mammalian cells. This study purposed to develop a formulation of gentamicin nanoparticles using chitosan-acemannan conjugate (CS-ACE) to increase antibiotic penetration into cells. The CS-ACE conjugation intended for reducing repulsive force due to the positive charge of chitosan and gentamicin, so that increasing the encapsulation efficiency of nanoparticles. Chitosan nanoparticles were produced by ionic gelation using sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP). The CS-ACE conjugate was optimized by varying the amount of CS, acemannan and reducing compounds, sodium borohydride (NaBH4). The optimum formula produced at the ratio of 6: 0.5: 4 of chitosan, acemannan, and NaBH4 and the ratio of 1:1 of conjugate to gentamicin. The optimum formula produced particle diameters of 196.4 ± 6.13 nm and polydispersity index 0.345 ± 0.02, the efficiency of encapsulation and drug loading 69.87 ± 1.77% and 30.61 ± 0.54% respectively, and the potential zeta 7.65 mV. The nanoparticles were lyophilized further to prevent nanoparticle aggregation. The optimization of type and concentration of cryoprotectant showed that 5% lactose maintaining the size of lyophilized nanoparticles. The amount of gentamicin released from nanoparticle was equal at neutral and acid conditions. The antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus remained the same following encapsulation process. In conclusion, encapsulation within nanoparticles can maintain the antimicrobial activity of gentamicin and has potentiality for intracellular infection testing.