ISOLASI SENYAWA PENGHAMBAT ENZIM TIROSINASE PADA RIMPANG KECOMBRANG (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R. M. Smith)

• Main Author: Mustikasari, Panca
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/40385
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Torch ginger rhizome (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R. M. Sm) has been known to have inhibitory activity against the tyrosinase enzyme based on previous research. This study aimed to isolate and determine the character of active compound of the torch ginger rhizome which has inhibitory activity against the enzyme tyrosinase through determination of IC50. The crude drug powder was divided into two groups, which are directly extracted and being extracted after the separation of essential oil. Extraction was carried out by reflux using ethanol as solvent. Essential oils were identified qualitatively using GC-MS. The major components of essential oils of torch ginger were patchouli alcohol, dodecanol, epiglobulol, dodecanoic acid, and naphthalene. Testing of inhibitory activity refers to the modified Masuda method. Determination of isolation target compounds based on IC50 values and the dominant compounds that provides tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Fractionation using the ECC method used n-hexane and ethyl acetate solvents. Subfractionation was carried out by the radial chromatography method. Subfraction was purified by the preparative TLC method. The purity test with single development (three different mobile phases) and two-dimensional TLC test was obtained so that isolate P were then tested for inhibitory activity and characterized using specific spotting and spectrophotodensitometry TLC methods. The essential oil of torch ginger rhizome with main component of patchouli alcohol had a stronger activity in inhibiting tyrosinase enzyme than ethanol extract and ethanol extract without essential oils. Ethanol extract without essential oils has a stronger activity than ethanol extract in inhibiting the tyrosinase enzyme. Isolate P obtained from ethanol extract without essential oils was phenolic compound with its activities was stronger than essential oils, ethanol extract and ethanol extract without essential oils. IC50 of isolate P was 38,70 µg/mL.