ISOLATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT COMPOUNS FIDDLE LEAF (Ficus lyrata Warb.)

• Main Author: Baharyati, Delta
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/40473
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The fiddle leaf (Ficus lyrata Warb.) is a tropical plant that contains flavonoid, phenolic acid, alkaloid, steroid, saponin, coumarin, tannin and triterpenoid. The fiddle leaf extract is known to have antibacterial and antioxidant activity, but the active compounds are unknown. The research aims to isolate, characterize, and identify antibacterial and antioxidant compounds from the fiddle leaf. Extraction was carried out by maceration using ethanol 96% and monitored by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Antibacterial activities were tested by bioautography method and disc diffusion, while antioxidant activities were tested by using 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Fractionation was carried out by liquid-liquid extraction using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water. The fraction was tested for antibacterial and antioxidant activity. Subfractionation was carried out by column chromatography so that isolate X was obtained. The purity of isolate X was tested by TLC using three mobile phases with different polarity, twodimensional TLC and TLC-spectrophotodensitometry. The isolate X was characterized using UV-visible spectrophotometry, LC-MS spectroscopy and NMR spectroscopy. The ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction has strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli. The water fraction has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, while the n-hexane fraction is not active as an antibacterial. Antibacterial activity of three fractions showed that ethyl acetate fraction had the strongest activity with inhibitory diameter of 18.55 ± 0.35 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and 12.10±0.312 mm against Escherichia coli bacteria. Antioxidant activity showed that ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction and water fraction had a much stronger antioxidant activity than n-hexane fraction. The strongest antioxidant activity was shown by ethyl acetate fraction with IC50 value of 9.31±0.304 ?g/mL. The subfraction of ethyl acetate fraction has lower antibacterial activity, but still has antioxidant activity. Isolate X which has an activity as an antioxidant is a flavonoid compound, which is a catechin that has a structure of 2- (3 ', 4'-dihydroxyphenyl) chroman-3,5,7-triol.