AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI BEBERAPA TUMBUHAN SUKU ASTERACEAE DAN ISOLASI SENYAWA AKTIF DARI TUMBUHAN TERPILIH

• Main Author: Hade, Faranadya
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/40483
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The Asteraceae plant is a group of plants that are widely used by Indonesian people as traditional medicine. Based on traditional usage, the plants of the Asteraceae used as antibacterial. This study goals are to determine antibacterial activity from four plants exctract of Asteraceae, to isolate and determine the characterization of active compounds from selected Asteraceae plant that have antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538. Crude drug of four plants of the Asteraceae, bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.), kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.), kembang bulan (Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray.), dan sambung nyawa (Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr.) was extracted using maceration method using ethanol and then concentrated. Ethanol extract was monitored by thin layer chromatography method. Antibacterial activity test was carried out by agar diffusion method. The target compound to be isolated is determined based on the Rf value which provide inhibitory activity by biootography method. Fractionation was carried out using liquid-liquid extraction method using an increased polarity solvent from less polar which is n-hexane to more polar which is ethyl acetate. Subfractionation was carried out by preparative thin layer chromatography method. Selected subfraction was purified by preparative thin layer chromatography method. The purity test was carried out using a thin layer chromatography method of single development with three different mobile phases and two dimensional thin layer chromatography to obtain isolate. The antibacterial activity of isolate was carried out by agar diffusion method. Isolate was characterized using specific spot and spectrophotodensitometry thin layer chromatography methods. Ethanol extract of cosmos leaves gave a larger inhibition diameter than other plant ethanol extracts of 7-10 mm. The biootography thin layer chromatography test showed that the components of ethanol extract and the ethyl acetate fraction of cosmos leaves at Rf 0.27 provided antibacterial activity against test bacteria. Characterization of isolate showed positive results with the appearance of specific spots of Folin-Ciocalteu and AlCl3 with a maximum wavelength of 273 and 368 nm with thin-layer spectrophotodensitometry method. Isolate is a flavonoid subgroup of flavonols with 5-OH without 4’OH or 4’OH substituted which have stronger activity in inhibiting the growth of Gram negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa about 50-56,25% compared to activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.