PERANCANGAN DAN SIMULASI ALAT PEMBUAT ES BERTENAGA SURYA DENGAN SIKLUS ABSORPSI UAP BERSELANG

• Main Author: Naradwitama, Dhira
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/40682
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Solar energy is one of the source of renewable energy that has a lot of potential in Indonesia. With the high intensity of solar radiation, a lot of technologies have been developed to ultilize them with optimal performance. In terms of the utilization of solar energy, solar powered ice maker in off grid area (for example in coastal region) are made. The system of powered solar ice maker uses the principle of vapor absorption cycle. The operation of this system is intermittently occured and doesn’t require any electricity. The components of the solar powered ice maker are flat plate solar collector, generator/absorber pipe which are integrated with solar collector, coiled pipe condenser, refrigerant tank, evaporator, and icebox. Each components are executed by numerical calculation with several variations which affect the important design parameters. The parameters consists of heat transfer area in the condenser and evaporator, and also solar radiaton absorption performance at the solar collector and generator/absorber. Design variation on the solar collector and generator/absorber is heat transfer area, on the condenser is pipe diameter, on the refrigerant tank is tank diameter, and on the evaporator is the type of the evaporator. The purpose of numerical calculation is to find the duration of process for each components and also to find the optimal specification based on the specified target and limit. The solar powered ice maker system uses ammonia (NH3) as refrigerant with the mass fraction of 0,48. In order to produce ice, the mass of refrigerant that need to be evaporated by the generator is 5,3 kg. The working pressure of generator/condenser and absorber/evaporator are 13 and 3,19 bar. Solar collector and generator/absorber uses model 3 with 2,5 m2 of glazing plate area. The processing time of generator is 10356,20 second (approximately 2,88 hour). The condenser uses model 2 with 0,5 inch nominal diameter and 8 meter length. The condensation time is 17059 second (approximately 4,7 hour). Refrigerant tank uses model 3 with 6 inch nominal diameter and 0,3 meter height. The type of evaporator is hollow square. The amount of refrigerant mass flow rate when the heat transfer rate is constant is 0,000182 kg/s. The processing time for making ice is 27000 second (7,5 hour). The coefficient of performance of this sistem is 0,504. From this configuration, the system can produce ice with 265,5 K of the temperature.