THE PRINCIPLE OF SETTLEMENT IN WETLAND WITH THE APPROACH OF ECOSYSTEM AND RESIDENT’S PREFERENCE IN RIPARIAN MUSI, PALEMBANG

• Main Author: Fitri Oktarini, Maya
• Format: Dissertations
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Arsitektur
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/40832
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Living in wetlands face with dynamic ecosystem and vulnerable of flood exposure. Riparian is the wetland on river bank that are a transitional areas between land and water. It has important function for urban ecosystem services. Riparian in urban areas are area for purification, absorption, storage of water, and maintaining aquatic habitat. However, to plan riparian as the conservation area is difficult to implement when mostly of land in a city is wetlands. Tthe city with rapidly grows always requires new development land, especially for the settlement area. Many cities in Indonesia face this problem. Many cities in Indonesia has arisen on the water’s edge because it provides fertile land, food sources, household water sources, transportation routes, air and natural lighting, and sanitation needs. Water urbanism is predominant part of the city history and still become a part of current status. For that reason, the city needs the planning with the ecosystem approach. The approach that conserves riparian ecosystem services by strengthening the relationship between humans and the environment. This study was located on two settlements riparian in Musi River, Palembang. Both settlements were on two opposite river edges. The settlements examined on two approach, namely ecosystem approach and resident’s preference approach. The ecosystem approach was analyzed from the expert’s assessments, while the residential preference was analyzed from the resident’s assessments. Multy attribute utility method was used to examine the ecosystem approach and the Conjoint Analysis was used to measure resident’s preferences approach. The analysis results show differents focus conservation of the four development objectives with the ecosystem approach. The planning to preserve of riparian characters emphasizes the conservation of mutual relationships between the communities and environment. Meanwhile, planning to maintain riparian functions as an area for flood controlling, water recycling, and aquatic habitats focus on conservation of environmental physically, biologically, and chemically. Preferences analysis results show that residents prefer a planning that integrates settlements in riparian ecosystem rather than by separating development from riparian as conservation areas. The analysis results also show that residents who have long-lived and felt comfortable living in these settlements have a concern of the environment. Even more for residents with daily activities and jobs that depend on the river, they more concern about the environment. The analysis result of balancing ecological and preference shows that ecological criteria pay more attention to environmental components, while residents more interested on building components. Therefore, the planning can optimize the environmental components accord to ecological criteria and building componens accord to preference criteria. The planning with ecosystem approach requires an understanding the impact of construction on the riparian ecosystem services, water flow, sedimentation, natural lighting, and absorptive capacity. Meanwhile, The plenning with preference requires an understanding of communities’ daily activities, household needs, and living culture orientation. Even more, the planning in riparian requires an understanding of the interaction of residents and their environment as the interdependent ecosystems.