COMPARISON BETWEEN NECESSITY AND OPPORTUNITY – BASED ENTREPRENEURSHIP USING TIME PERSPECTIVE APPROACH

• Main Author: Dewi Siawanta, Metta
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/41158
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The younger generation tend to become a self-employed than a worker. Thus, they likely to study entrepreneurship in the academy. Entrepreneurship itself have been added to a subject in high schools and universities in Indonesia. Indonesian government also gives initiatives to the entrepreneurs, such as GKN (Gerakan Kewirausahaan Nasional), UKR (Usaha Kredit Rakyat), incubator, etc. The Indonesian entrepreneurship also give several impacts, such as create new jobs, intensify competition, and increase productivity through technologycal change. The better level of the entrepreneurship, means the better economic growth. Hence, high levels of entrepreneurships are very important in Indonesia and time perspective can be one of indicators to get higher level of entrepreneurship. This research aims to find the comparison between entrepreneurship based on the time perspective. There are two entrepreneurship type, necessity and opportunity entrepreneurship. There are so many time perspective theory, one of the time is Zimbardo Time Perspective, where the theory divide the time perspective into 5 time perspectives, Past Negative, Past Positive, Present Hedonistic, Present Fatalistic, and Future. The Zimbardo Time Perspective itself already used for several researches, such as research about health behavior and students? self-regulation. Accordingly, this research assume that Necessity entrepreneurship has Past Negative, Past Positive, Present hedonistic, and Present Fatalistic time perspective, since they only build the business based on their needs. Meanwhile opportunity entrepreneurship has Future time perspective since they have to planning to the future. To prove the assumptions, this research will be an explanatory research, using both qualitative and quantitative research, focuses on semi-structured interview and questionnaire. The interview is used to find the differentiation between necessity and opportunity entrepreneurship, meanwhile the survey will be used Time Zimbardo Inventory to find their Time Perspective. The result between the interview and survey will be compare to find the significant different between both entrepreneurships. The result from this research is there are the differentiation between necessity and opportunity entrepreneurship, but there are only significant different on the Past Positive time perspective, where necessity entrepreneurship has highest score than opportunity. Thus, this research has a proof that necessity entrepreneurship has Past Positive time perspective. Consequently, this research has to be continued in the future to find the significant different between the other Time Perspective.