Determination of Sun Protection Factor Value of Biopigments of the Tropical Marine Microalgae Nitzschia Closterium

• Main Author: Alghazali, Fitra
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Kimia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/41307
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The use of sunscreen cream labeled with sun protection factor (SPF) is a manner to skin from destructive UVB radiation exposure. The protection againts UVB radiation is performed by the active ingradients of sunscreen as an UV-filter. So far, biopigments of the tropical marine microalgae Nitzschia closterium that are potential used for UV-filter remain unknown. The objective of the present research was to detemine the SPF value of biopigments from N closterium. The research methods included cultivation of N. closterium cells, isolation of the biopigments with acetone, characterization of crude extract of N. closterium by TLC and UV-Vis spectroscopy, purification of crude extract of N. closterium by silica column chromatography, characterization of the purified biopigments by UV-Vis spectroscopy, and determination of the SPF value of the biopigments. The results showed that N. closterium cells cultured in a total volume of 39.6 L for 7 days produced wet biomass of 89 g. The wet biomass of N. closterium contained 85.79% water. Eight bands of N. closterium biopigment were obserrved on TLC plate. Crude extract of N. closterium contained 55.94% chlorophyll and 44.06% carotenoids. The productivity of N. closterium was 4.42 mg biopigmenst L–1 culture day–1 with total biopigment of 99.43‰. Of 31 fractions of N. closterium biopigment, 5 fractions of purified biopigment were identified as ?-carotene, pheophytin a, chlorophyll a, diadinoxanthin, and fucoxanthin. The SPF value of 200 ppm crude extract, 3,240 ppm chlorophyll a, 1,800 ppm diadinoxanthin, and 1,390 ppm fucoxanthin of N. closterium was 3.61 ± 0.17, 3.78 ± 0.17, 2.74 ± 0.01, and 2.95 ± 0.14, respectively. Hence, crude extract of N. closterium showed a better performance as a UV-filter than individual purified biopigments.