Identification of Exopolysaccharide and Endopolysaccharide from the Tropical Marine Microalgae Nitzschia closterium
Nitzschia closterium is one of the tropical marine diatom obtained from Indonesia water possessing potential for a source of carbohydrates in the form of exo- and endopolysaccharide (exopolysaccharide is carbohydrates secreted from cell into the environment and attached to cell wall to protect the c...
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| Format: | Final Project |
| Language: | Indonesia |
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| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/41313 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | Nitzschia closterium is one of the tropical marine diatom obtained from Indonesia water possessing potential for a source of carbohydrates in the form of exo- and endopolysaccharide (exopolysaccharide is carbohydrates secreted from cell into the environment and attached to cell wall to protect the cell, and endopolysaccharide is carbohydrates found inside cell). To identify the physicochemical properties of exo- and endopolysaccharide, carbohydrates from N. closterium cells had to be prepared. The research steps included preparation of N. closterium biomass, determination of organic compounds of the biomass using TGA, extraction of exo- and endopolysaccharide with ethanol, assay of carbohydrates including Molisch test, anthrone test, picric test, and test iodine, identification of functional groups on carbohydrates with FTIR, and identification of carbohydrate morphology and composition with SEM-EDS. The results showed that the density of N. closterium biomass cultured with an initial cell density of 130,000 ±
2,000 cells/mL culture for 8 d was 2.01 ± 0.34 g/L culture. The content of organic compound of N. closterium biomass burned at the temperature range of 180–570 oC was
42% (w/w) and released in the form of CO2, SOx, and NOx. Supernatan exopolysaccharides of N. closterium were amorphous and brown film, and exhibited functional group vibrations of alcohol and acetal at wave number 3,421 and 1,242 cm–1, respectively. Endopolysaccharides of N. closterium were 17.0 ± 0.40 mg/g wet biomass. The endopolysaccharides were not flat and irregular in shape, green, fishy smell, and exhibited positive results in Molisch test, anthrone test, and picric test, but negative for iodine test indicating carbohydrate properties. Functional groups alcohol and acetal of endopolysaccharide N. closterium were identified at wave number 3,292 and 1,230 cm–1, respectively.
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