Biological Pretreatment of Empty Palm Fruit Bunches on Production of Xylitol by Using White-Rot Fungi

• Main Author: Daris Al Husna, Muhamad
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/42063
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Along with palm oil production, oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) waste is also produced. OPEFB have a high hemicellulose content (22 - 35%). Xylan in hemicellulose can be hydrolyzed to xylose and can further be processed into xylitol. However, xylose cannot be converted completely due to inhibition of the xylanase enzyme by an inhibitor, lignin. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of adding fungal pretreatment to the yield of xylose and to determine the best white-rot fungus and growth time in the yield of xylose. The research was carried out by biological pretreatment using P. chrysosporium and Marasmius sp. in a ziplock bag of 10gram OPEFB at room temperature for 30 days (analyzed evry 5 days) followed by pretreatment using the hydrothermal pretreatment at 160 oC for 15 minutes. Hydrolysis with the xylanase enzyme was carried out for 48 hours at a temperature of 30°C. The highest weight loss results occurred in P. chrysosporium incubation samples on the 20th day of 23.1 ± 3.31%. From the analysis of lignin content by NREL method, there was a decrease in lignin of 23.20% in the incubation sample of P. chrysosporium and 26.67% in the sample Marasmius sp. The xylose analysis results in the hydrolysis sample showed that the xylose concentration increased with the length of time of biological pretreatment. For hydrolyzed solid samples, the highest concentration was achieved by the addition of pretreatment by Marasmius sp. for 30 days with a value reaching 8.313 g/L. The highest yield of xylose compared to theoretical yield occurred in the incubation sample of Marasmius sp. on the 30th day, that is 166.27 mg xylose / g hydrolyzed TKS.