VALIDATION AND DETECTION OF MOLECULAR MARKER SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEATS (SSR) AND SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHYSM (SNP) FOR SELECTION OF HIGH CHARACTERS OF PALM OIL PLANT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)

• Main Author: Mey Putranty, Kiky
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/42269
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is one of the most important crops to produce vegetable oil in the world. In 2016, palm oil production in Indonesia reached 34.5 million tons/year and is estimated to reach 40 million tons/year in 2020. In oil palm breeding programs, low height increment (30 cm/year) is one of the desired characters to facilitate fruit harvesting and extend the productive life of the palms. However, conventional breeding are not effective enough, because oil palm is a parenial species. Molecular markers such as SSR and SNP are molecular approach that can be used for early selection of individual oil palm from breeding results. This study aims to validate 16 molecular markers containing 15 SSR and 1 SNP that have been linked to the characteristics of stem high and to detect the altered nucleotide bases of 7 SNP that have been successfully identified. The samples used are oil palm inbred line. The research method was carried out by phenotype and genotype analysis. Phenotype analysis was performed by measuring the stem high and stem high increment of oil palms from 3 different populations. Then a total of 200 oil palms inbred line were selected with 100 individuals with low height increment and 100 individuals with high height increment. Genotype analysis for SSR validation was carried out by fragment analysis, while SNP validation was performed using the rhAmp qPCR method. For the association between markers and height increment character was examined by the Kruskal-Wallis test. SNP detection is carried out by sequencing method and then blasted on the genomsawit.mbop.go.my website. Based on the association analysis result, only 4 significant markers (mEgCIR1716, mEgCIR362, mEgCIR3655, mEgCIR3534) correlated with height increment (Sig <0.05). Based on the results of sequencing analysis, 3 SNPs showed changes in nucleotide bases in tested populations, namely EgSNPGBS16706 with G / A nucleotide base substitution, EgSNPGBS17400 base C / T nucleotide substitution and EgSNPGBS16523 nucleus base substitution G/A. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that 4 SSR and 3 SNP markers potentially to assist selection of the dwarf phenotype to another variety of oil palm inbred line through marker-assisted selection (MAS).