Validation of Molecular Marker High Iodine Value in Oil Palm Individuals (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) and Hybrid (E. guineensis x E. oleifera)
The oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is the highest vegetable oil producing plant in the world, and about 80% of consumption of vegetable oil is used for food industry. Recently, market demand is increasing for palm oil with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids, especially oleic acid, because...
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| Format: | Theses |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/42271 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | The oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is the highest vegetable oil producing plant in the world, and about 80% of consumption of vegetable oil is used for food industry. Recently, market demand is increasing for palm oil with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids, especially oleic acid, because it has more oxidative resistance, and a long shelf life. Oil palm plant breeding requires quite a long time, so selection using molecular markers is needed to shorten the selection time. Previous studies have identified several molecular markers that associated with iodine value, which are parameters of unsaturated palm oil content, in a number of oil palm populations. Therefore, validation of the identified molecular markers is needed whether it is associated with iodine value in E. guineensis and hybrid (E.guineensis x E. oleifera) populations. This study aims to validate the SSR and SNP molecular markers that associated with iodine value in E. guineensis and hybrid populations. The first step was phenotype analysis by measuring iodine value using Wijs method (ISO 3961:2013). The second step was genotype analysis which consists of SSR and SNP analysis. The next step is validation of the SSR and SNP markers using statistical analysis based on the phenotype and genotype data that have been generated. The results of phenotypic analysis showed iodine value from 92 samples ranged from 48.65 - 64.55 grams iodine / 100 gram samples, and ANOVA results showed p-values <0.05, it means that there were significant differences in iodine value in the E. guineensis and hybrid population. Samples in hybrid populations contain high iodine value which means hybrid populations have higher unsaturated fatty acid content than E. guineensis populations. Based on the analysis of six SSR and five SNP markers it can be seen that there are significant differences in iodine value between sample using the mEgCIR3428, mEgCIR3519, sPSc00328 and SNPM04501 and SNPE0043 markers indicated by p-value <0.05. Based on these results, the SSR markers mEgCIR3428, mEgCIR3519, sPSc00328 and SNPM04501 can be used for individual selection based on unsaturated fatty acid content in E. guineensis populations, and SNPE00431 markers can be used for individual selection in hybrid populations. In addition, it was found that C/C genotype in SNPM04501 associated with high unsaturated fatty acid content in E. guineensis population, and G/G genotype in SNPE00431 associated with high unsaturated fatty acid content in the hybrid population. To sum up, the SSR markers mEgCIR3428, mEgCIR3519, sPSc00328, and SNPM04501 are associated with unsaturated fatty acid content in E. guineensis population and SNPE00431 markers associated with unsaturated fatty acid content in hybrid populations.
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