TRANSFER HYDROGENATION OF FURFURAL AND PALMITIC ACID OVER NICKEL(II) DIAMINE CATALYSTS

• Main Author: Dania Agusta, Karina
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Kimia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/42289
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Carbonyl selective hydrogenation process in furfural produces furfuryl alcohol (FOL). Furfuryl alcohol is an essential chemical in resin industries and pharmaceuticals. In general, hydrogenation process uses pressurized H2 as hydrogen donor. The use of H2 requires difficult handling. Thus, hydrogenation using alcohol as hydrogen donor may overcome the problem. Catalytic transfer hydrogenation uses solvent or other hydrogen donors besides H2 gas. Complexes of NiCl2(en) (en = ethylenediamine), NiC12(tmed) (tmed = N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl ethylenediamine), NiCh(opd) (opd =a-phenylenediamine) and NiC12(PPh3)2 were used as catalysts for selective transfer hydrogenation of furfural to FOL using alcohol as hydrogen donor. Alcohols used for hydrogen donors were methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, ]-butanol dan 2-ethyl-1-hexanol. High conversion and yield were achieved using ethanol as hydrogen donor. The addition of poly(methylhydrosiloxane) (PMHS) increased the percentage of conversion and yield The percentage of furfural conversion 68% and yield of FOL 61% could be achieved using 2 mol% NiCl2(en) with Zn as reducing agent. Reaction was carried out at 80 °C in 5h. Mole ratio ofNiC/:z(en):Zn:PMHS (1:5:5) was needed to achieve the optimum condition. Ni(ll) was hardly to be reduced to Ni(O) in the absence of Zn. Ni(ll) is more Lewis acidic than Ni(O) and thus initiate furfural acetalization. Kinetic studies showed that the furfural transfer hydrogenation was likely a pseudo first order reaction with Ea of 31 kJ/mol. Transfer hydrogenation of palmitic acid was not able to produce 1-hexadecanol over NiC/:z(en):Zn:PMHS (1:5:0.4).