UTILIZATION OF MONTMORILLONITE AND IRON (II/III) FOR BIOSURFACTANT PRODUCTION BY Bacillus altitudinis SKC/YLP-5

• Main Author: Ayu Setyowati, Sekar
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/42310
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Biosurfactants are amphiphilic compounds produced by microorganisms that have been used in various applications, such as agrochemicals, food industry, health products, household detergents, textiles, cosmetics and other industries. Their production cost is relative high. The production cost can be reduced by optimizing production conditions using low-cost substrates and efficient purification processes to obtain optimum biosurfactants. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the optimization of biosurfaktan production medium by Bacillus altitudinis SKC/YLP- 5. Bacillus altitudinis SKC/YLP-5 was inoculated into biosurfactant production broth and incubated at room pressure and temperature by agitating at 180 rpm for 48 hours. Cultures were taken at specific time intervals for analysis including bacterial growth; biosurfactant concentrations; emulsification index; clay and biosurfactant contact angle; bacterial morphology; clay and biosurfactant characteristics. Crude biosurfactant were isolated by acid precipitation method using 3 M HCl. In this study, bioosurfactant production was carried out on several variables, namely modified SKC-1 broth (control); with the addition of montmorillonite 0.5 g/L + Fe2+/ Fe3+ 2.5 mM and montmorillonite 2 g/L and Fe2+/Fe3+ 2.5 mM. Bacterial growth with the addition of montmorillonite and Fe2+/Fe3+, the variable of 0.5 g/L montmorillonite was better than the addition of 2 g/L montmorillonite. The highest %EI was achieved from 2 g/L montmorillonite + 2.5 mM Fe3+. The maximum of crude biosurfactant concentration was 12.31 g/L from 2 g/L montmorillonite + 2.5 mM Fe2+ variation. Biosurfactant contained peptide bond (N-H), amida (N-H), and aliphatic chain (C-H) so that it was concluded as lipopeptida biosurfactant. Interaction of montmorillonite and bacteria affected to the characteristic of montmorillonite both the composition and minerals contained.