OPTIMALIZATION PROCESS SAPONIFICATION FROM COCONUT OIL WITH MIXED METAL HYDROXIDE Mg-Ca-Zn

• Main Author: Rob Sugandi, Paulus
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/42405
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Both aviation petrofuel and jet biofuel consist of alkane hydrocarbons, principally within C10-C14 range. Development of jet biofuel become a choice when fossil fuel reserves decrease, thuds making a substantial part of jet fuel are obtained through import with its concomitant negative impact on the environment. This research aims to examine the efficacy of method to manufacture divalent basic metal soaps proposed by Soerawidjaja (2018), adopted from the method of Akers et al but further modified by applying calcium diglyceroxide as catalyst, and also to determine the optimal value of ?. Basic metal soap has a chemical formula ?Ca(OH)2.(1-?)Zn(OH)2.Mg(RCOO)2. Some stages of preparation of raw materials were carried out, namely freeing coconut oil from structured lipids by directed interesterification and preparing mixed metal hydroxides Mg(OH)2.?Ca(OH)2(1-?)Zn (OH)2 with ? value 0,55; 0,75; 0,95 via coprecipitation method. Structured lipid-free coconut oil and mixed metal hydroxides were then used as raw materials for making basic metal soaps. The basic metal soaps were then decarboxylated at 400 0C and atmospheric pressure. The results shows that the hydroxide of mixed metals with a value of ? = 0.95 was the most resistant to dehydration at temperatures below 400 0C. In terms of its decomposition characteristic, the basic metal soap with ? = 0.55 are most easily decomposed at the temperature of < 500 0C. Basic metal soap in variation of ? = 0.95 and saponification reaction time = 7 hours provides the largest amount of saponified hydroxide value of 28.042%, Basic metal soap in variation of ? = 0.95 and saponification reaction time = 7 hours decarboxylated and resulted in the C10 – C14 fraction about 80.81%. Meanwhile, basic metal soap in variation of ? = 0.95 and saponification reaction time = 4 hours decarboxylated and resulted in the biggest C11 fraction of 14.85% and the largest iso-alkane content of 17.91%.