SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ZnO NANOPARTICLE USING BELIMBING KERIS (Averrhoa bilimbi) FRUIT EXTRACT AS ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT

• Main Author: Rahayu, Eka
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/42427
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The crucial problem regarded bacterial resistance to antibiotics required development of a new generation of antibiotics which had better characteristics for inhibiting bacterial growth. ZnO nanoparticles were potential material to be used as antimicrobial agents. A novel synthesis method of ZnO nanoparticles was biological method using plant extracts, one of them was fruit extract of Averrhoa bilimbi, as a reducing and capping agents. The purpose of the research was to synthesize antibacterial ZnO nanoparticles through green synthesis using fruit extract of Averrhoa bilimbi. The experimental stages were extraction process of the fruit extract, synthesis and analysis of ZnO nanoparticles characteristics, and analysis of its antimicrobial properties. Extraction process was carried out by maceration method and reflux to obtain the highest total phenolic content (TPC). Synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles carried out through evaporation and reflux method to obtain the smallest nanoparticle. Antimicrobial assay was performed using broth method to inhibit planktonic and biofilm of E.coli. The control sample that used in the experiment was commercial ZnO nanoparticles which synthesized through chemical method. Analysis results showed that extraction process through reflux method produced the highest TPC i.e. 15.67 mg. Analysis on particle characteristics proved that Averrhoa bilimbi extract was potentially used as reductor and capping agent in biosynthesis of ZnO nanoparticle. The smallest average particle size was 28.8 nm. Morphology of ZnO nanoparticles was spherical shaped and agglomerated with cubical crystal structure. The functional groups capped the particles surface were derivated from phenol, alkane, and alkenes. The results of antimicrobial assay showed that green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles had antimicrobial properties although its antimicrobial activity was not equal to antimicrobial activity of commercial ZnO nanoparticles.