POPULATION AND BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY OF JAVAN GREEN PEAFOWL (Pavo muticus muticus LINNAEUS, 1766) AT BALURAN NATIONAL PARK

• Main Author: Nurul Kamila, Fitri
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/43295
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The population of javan green peafowl decreasing continuously so the IUCN Redlist of Endangered Species categories this species as an endangered species. The causes of the decreasing peafowl population was forest conversion which disrupted the ecological balance of the javan green peafowl. Efforts to preserve javan green peafowl can be done through ex-situ conservation in the introduction area if supported by the availability of information about the ecological aspects of javan green peafowl including data on population, behavior, and habitat. This study aims to determine population density and abundance, comparison of sexes, age classes, behavioral mechanisms, percentage of behavior, habitat use, types of behavior most affected by habitat types, and niche overlap indexes. Data collection was carried out in Savana Bekol, Baluran National Park covering 125 ha with purposive sampling method and observation method by distance sampling and all occurrences of behavior. The results showed that the population density of javan green peafowl is 11,071 individuals/km2 and 4.77 groups/km2 with an abundance of 14 individuals and 6 groups. Sex comparison of javan green peafowl is 1 male: 3.95 females and comparison of age class is 1 juvenile: 18,95 adults of peafowl. The peafowl began to be active in the morning with the voice at 5:30 while grooming and sunbathing, then began to foraging at 5.51 ends at 9.01. During the day the peafowl sheltering and resting in the forest or under a tree. Peafowl is active again to foraging at 14:35 ends at 17.16. Peafowl began to look for trees to sleep or roosting at 17.15 on the forest edges or into the forest. The percentage of habitat use in open areas and forest edges is 54.23% with foraging is the highest daily behavior percentage which is 21.79%. Foraging is most affected behavior by habitat type because the proportion of habitat for foraging behavior in open areas and forest edges has the highest value which is 40.19%. Competition index between individuals was obtained from overlapping index niches is 0.356, which means each peafowl has low competition in meeting the needs of each behavior.