Synthesis of Na2Ti6O13 with Sol-Gel and Hydrothermal Method for Sodium Ion Battery Anode

• Main Author: Gegas Syahwani, Sa'id
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/43340
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The production of lithium ion batteries increases rapidly along with the need for electrical energy storage. The limited availability of lithium elements in nature encourages the use of sodium as an alternative to lithium subtitute in lithium titanate batteries. In this final project, the synthesis of sodium titanate Na2Ti6O13 with sol-gel and hydrothermal method, and calcination in controlled environments was conducted. Sodium chloride, titanium isopropoxide, citric acid, and ethylene glicol dissolved in distilled water to form precursors for sol-gel and hydrothermal processes. The result of sol-gel and hydrothermal processes are calcined in flat furnace at temperature of 800oC for 1 hour in air and nitrogen. The crystalline structure and morphology of the sample is characterised using X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The results of XRD characterization show that the formation of Na2Ti6O13 compunds is very sensitive to the environment in the process of calcination of the sample. The free air environment inhibits the growth of sodium titanat, while the presence of nitrogen gas encourages Na2Ti6O13 growth through the intermediary phases Na0.23TiO2. The NaCl compounds are always present until the end product of calcination, but it can be eliminated by washing.