ROLE OF FIRE SEFETY MANAGEMENT IN REDUCING FIRE RISK IN RENTAL APARTMENT BUILDING

• Main Author: Adi Kurniawan, Titus
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Arsitektur
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/43775
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Fire hazards in rented or low-cost apartment buildings can pose a threat to its residents. The losses incurred due to fire hazards are not only material but also cause fatalities. The lack of completeness of the active and complete passive protection systems contained in the low-rise apartment causes the fire to spread in a short time. So the time needed for evacuation for residents is limited. As an alternative to fulfilling the elements of life safety, a protection system that supports other fire protection is needed, namely Fire Safety Management (FSM). FSM is considered to be able to improve building safety performance in the event of a fire. Life safety performance criteria for fire hazards can be met if the time required for rescue (Required Safe Egress Time / RSET) is shorter than the available time (Available Safe Egress Time), or RSET <ASET. The overall implementation of FSM is considered to be more reliable in preventing and overcoming fire hazards. To reduce the risk of fire hazards to the safety of occupants in the low-cost apartment buildings. This study aims to determine the performance criteria related to FSM in low-cost housing. This research was conducted on three buildings of the Rusunawa as a case study, Rusunawa Sadang Serang, Rusanawa Cingised, and Rusunawa Rancacili. The research steps were taken into three stages, first, identification of the elements of a life safety system both active protection, passive protection and FSM. The FSM elements contained in PU PERMEN regulation No. 20/2009, KEPMENEG PU No. 11/2000, PERGUB Jakarta No 143/2016, NFPA 1561 and NFPA 101 of 2006 are the reference for evaluating low-rise apartment buildings. iv The second stage is identification related to FSM criteria related to RSET <ASSET that must be fulfilled in all three study cases. Criteria elements related to FSM are assessed using performance-based analysis referring to the goals, objectives and performance criteria. Fire scenarios and evacuation scenarios are tested in the best or worst conditions to determine the extent to which criteria related to FSM affect RSET and ASET. Pyrosim modeling was used for ASET analysis and Pathfinder was used for RSET analysis in each case study. Based on the results of the analysis it is known that the implementation of the FSM criteria can affect the reduced risk of fire hazard in rental flats. Housekeeping, socialization, evacuation training and periodic maintenance of Rusunawa are some of the criteria that are proven to reduce fire risk. Housekeeping helps residents to realize the importance of keeping the corridor clean of goods. Dissemination of the risk of fire hazards, countermeasures and training helps reduce RSET time. Evacuation training helps residents to respond quickly to fire danger signs. The maintenance criteria are carried out so that active protection devices can function properly in the event of fire management.