FORMULASI KRIM EKSTRAK ASETON ALGA MERAH GRACILARIA GIGAS DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN SECARA IN VITRO

• Main Author: Cinintia, Dea
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/44274
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

As integumentary system, skin often exposed to free radical from UV rays (DeHaven, 2014). When skin are exposed to UV rays, UV rays will interact with epidermal chromofor, such as DNA, amino acids, and melanins (Young, et al., 1996) and it will stimulate formation of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) which will activate some epidermal receptor. Active apidermal receptor will stimulate internal kinase enzyme to activate AP-1 transcription factor which will decrease collagen production and stimulate gen MMP-1 transcription which will degrade collagen. Decreasing collagen consentration on skin will result a wrinkled skin (Ainbinder & Touitou, 2010). We need a compound which can prevent ROS formation to prevent collagen degradation, called antioxidant. Gracilaria gigas is red algae which has antioxidant activity because it contains flavanoids, phenolic, caroten, dan chlorophyll. The aim of this research is to develop cream formulation containing Gracilaria gigas acetonic extract. Gracilaria gigas was extracted by maceration method using acetone as a solvent in percolator, with yield of 0.9372%. Antioxidant activity of Gracilaria gigas acetonic extract was determined by in vitro assay using DPPH (IC50 69.8257 µg/mL) with vitamin C as control (IC50 2,8078 µg/mL). Gracilaria gigas acetonic extract was formulated into cream which contains Cetomacrogol 1000 and cetostearyl alcohol as emulgators, liquid paraffin as oil phase, sodium metabisulfit as water phase antioxidant, BHT as oil phase antioxidant, propylen glycol as humectant and exctract solvent, and distilled water as water phase. The optimum formulation of Gracilaria gigas acetonic extract cream was 10% Gracilaria gigas extract, 22,73% liquid paraffin, 5,45% cetomacrogol 1000, 8,18% cetostearyl alcohol, 13,64% propylen glycol, 0,045% BHT, 0,182% sodium metabisulfit, and distilled water 39,78%. Gracilaria gigas acetonic extract 10% cream has IC50 81,9165 µg/mL, while the cream base has IC50 259,8117 µg/mL. Stability test for 28 days results no phase separation occur but its antioxidant activity decrease by 19.834%. Primary irritation index of Gracilaria gigas acetonic extract 10% cream was 0 (classified as non-irritant compound)