HOUSEHOLD ANT ANALYSIS IN THE LOW-INCOME HOUSE AS INDICATOR FOR HOUSE SANITATION

• Main Author: Rodhiyah, Zuli
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknik (Rekayasa, enjinering dan kegiatan berkaitan)
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/44443
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Ants are one of insect type that has a high biodiversity. Several environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, vegetation structure, landscape and food availability is an important aspect for the presence of ants in an environment. Settlement of low-income communities is a village, which is generally located around the city center, has the occupancy rate and the basic building coefficient is high, and physical infrastructure environments inadequate. This situation is causing the high potential presence of ants in the environment. In various studies it is known that ants can become vectors of disease by bringing different types of microbes on the surface of the body. This research will analyze the relationship between house sanitation in particular the structural components of the building houses with the presence of ants, and analysis to determine the potential of the ants as vectors of microbial diseases through the test of coliform found in the ant's surface body. In this study, the level of home sanitation will be assessed using criteria developed by Warliana (2015). Assessment criteria sanitation focused on the assessment component of the physical structure of the house. Type of house that will be examined are divided into two categories based on the type of house and house by the distance to the river. Selection of the house sample based on the type of house is divided into semi-permanent house and a permanent house, while based on the location of the river, the house is divided into a house near the river and the house that far from the river. The ants diversity were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Coliform test is based on the standard ISO 2897: 2008. This research was conducted in three villages in the city of Bandung, namely Taman Sari village, Cipaganti village and Lebak Siliwangi village. The third village is a residential area of low-income communities. Based on the assessment results of the physical components of house sanitary, the sanitation condition of the low-income communities house classified in the unfavorable category. The survey result found 13 species that are in the home environmen. Ant species that most commonly found are Pheidole sp. and Paratrechina longicornis. The results obtained in the diversity index calculation permanent home by 1.97, 1.95 semi-permanent home, a home away river by 1.93 and house near the river by 1.82. Based on the benchmarks, all four grades are classified in the category of low diversity levels. Results of analysis of the frequency distribution by type of home (Permanent and Semi-permanent) and based on the location of the house from the river (home away river and house near the river), found no differences in the number of ants that exist in the house environment. Meanwhile, based on correlation statistical tests performed where ants correlated with room humidity, room temperature, the condition of the roof, terraces, vegetation, electrical installation and the distance from the house to the animal cages. Coliform test carried out on the most dominant ants found. Four of the six samples of ants to show positive results against coliform test. This indicates the existence of other bacteria found in the ant's body, but not included in the Coliform group. Colifrm test performed showed the relationship between ants and bacteria. The relationship between the bacteria and the ants indicates that ants can also contribute to the high number of patients with gastroenteritis disease.