Antibacterial Activity of Clove Oil Against Bacteria Producing Biofilms In Chicken Poultry Drinking Cups

• Main Author: Soma Sundram, Dayalini
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/44988
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Biofilms are the most common problem encountered in chicken poultry system. It is where the sticky polymer produced by the bacteria holds the biofilm together and attach it to the pipe wall blocking the flow of water for chickens to drink. Clove oil is known for its antibacterial properties and tested against biofilm producing biofilm. There are many biofilm producing bacteria’s but only three bacteria’s were selected for this research purpose. The antibacterial activity of clove oil was tested against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method to determine the zone of inhibition and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). The clove oil tested shows dark brown in color and the solubility is partially dissolved in ethanol (70%) with layers of oil still present on the top of the solution. Moreover, the density and refractive index of the standardized clove oil is 1.0440 and 1.5007 respectively. Furthermore, the phenol content had a transient greyish green color. Based on the results obtained from GC-MS, clove oil contained eugenol (56.02%), caryophyllene (17.39%), humulene (4.89%) and caryophyllene oxide (2.09%) as the major ingredients. The retention time obtained from GC-MS for eugenol, caryophyllene, humulene and caryophyllene oxide is 12.876, 13.632, 14.010 and 15.598 respectively. The zone of inhibition obtained for E.coli, S.aureus and B.subtilis were 15.7 mm, 20.2 mm and 10.9 mm respectively at 5 µg/mL concentration of clove oil. The MIC obtained for E.coli, S.aureus and B.subtilis at 2 µg/mL, 2 µg/mL and 3 µg/mL were 15.2 mm, 19.7 mm and 10.5 mm respectively. Tetracycline HCl against E.coli, S.aureus and B.subtilis at 1 µg/mL, 0.5 µg/mL and 5 µg/mL showed 18.7 mm, 25.5 mm and 17.6 mm respectively. Clove oil has potential activity against biofilm producing bacteria.