STANDARDISASI SIMPLISIA DAN EKSTRAK DAUN AFRIKA (VERNONIA AMYGDALINA DELILE) DARI TIGA DAERAH BERBEDA

• Main Author: Candra Prasasti, Andina
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/44995
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Bitter leaf was medicinal plant which has many benefits, for examples antidiabetic and antioxidant. Products from bitter leaf have been widely used in Indonesia but its crude drug and extract have not been standardized. The aims of this research were to determine the standard parameters of crude drug and extract of bitter leaf from Surabaya, Magelang, and Sleman based on Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia. Bitter leaf crude drug named Vernoniae Amygdalinae Folium which was leaves from Vernonia amygdalina Delile, familiy Asteraceae, contained total flavonoid more than 0.17% calculated as luteolin-7-O-glucoside. Bitter leaf crude drug was shrunken leaves, brittle, oval to lanceolate, brownish green, serrated margin, 15-20 cm in length, 7-10 cm in width, odorless, and bitter taste. Characteristic fragments of bitter leaf were anomocytic stomata, irregular epidermal cells, spiral transport tissue, and parenchymal tissue with calcium oxalate crystals. Nonspesific parameters of bitter leaf crude drug were total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, ethanol extractable matter, water extractable matter, loss on drying, and water content. The value were 12.57-16.51%, 1.24-2.59%, 7.46-9.00%, 9.93-18.26%, 19.59-25.86%, 7.18-7.64%, and 5.99-7.32%, respectively. Bitter leaf extract named Vernoniae Amygdalinae Folii Extractum Spissum which was concentrated extract, blackish brown, typical smell, and bitter taste. Thin layer chromatographic patterns showed the presence of luteolin-7-O-glucoside in crude drug and extract of bitter leaf. The highest total flavonoid was given by bitter leaf crude drug and extract from Surabaya, the values were 0.35% and 2.70%, respectively. The highest yield of extract was given by bitter leaf extract from Surabaya (29.17%). Nonspesific parameters of bitter leaf extract were total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, and water content. The value were 2.61-3.54%, 0.06-0.34%, 2.37-2.95%, and 14.29-37.56%, respectively.