FORMULASI DAN KARAKTERISASI NANOKARIER ARTEMISININ SERTA UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIMALARIA DARI SEDIAAN SECARA IN VITRO

• Main Author: Elisabeth E Haloho, Sion
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/45383
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Malaria treatment failure may be caused by the low bioavailability of the drugs and nonspecific drug targets to intracellular parasites. Artemisinin as a first-line treatment of malaria have limitations such as hydrophobicity, a short half-life and low bioavailability resulting in a low therapeutic effectiveness. To improve the effectiveness of therapy, antimalarial delivery systems need to be made selective towards red blood cells infected with parasites. Because of it, nanocarrier consist of PLGA-poloxamer as artemisinin delivery system was developed. Nanocarrier was developed with nanopresipitation method. Nanocarrier formula was made by 5% poloxamer and varied concentration of PLGA. Characterization of dosage form includes a physical characterization of particle size, polydispersity index and a visual display. Chemical characterizations include encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release test. Antimalarial activity test preparation performed on culture conditions parasite Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 dominant phase of the ring. Observations were made on the preparations layer of thick blood of the test results by counting the number parasite in schizont phase and total asexual plasmodium. Nanocarrier particle size increased with increasing concentrations of PLGA polymer. Encapsulation efficiancy increased with increasing concentration of PLGA polymers. In vitro release test at pH 7.4 and pH 5.5 showed no considerable difference in the testing of formulas with different concentrations of PLGA. Antimalarial activity in vitro assay for formula PLGA 1 %, poloxamer 5% with artemisinin concentration 10 ppm, provided 43.65 ± 8.5284% of inhibition percent. Artemisinin standard of 10 ppm without nanocarrier delivery systems provided 27 833 ± 0.0288% (p <0.05) of percent inhibition. Nanocarrier formula of artemisinin with artemisinin concentration of 10 ppm, 5% poloxamer, and 1.0% PLGA give a better activity than the standard without nanocarrier system.