UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIMALARIA SEDIAAN NANOKARIER ARTEMISININ MENGGUNAKAN POLIMER POLOXAMER DAN PLGA SECARA IN VITRO

• Main Author: Hersinom Adi, Galuh
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/45385
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Malaria is a disease caused by parasite that is continuously growing and become one of the biggest health issue in the world. At the time, cloroquin is no longer the first line therapy for malaria due to the the raise of it’s resistance in plasmodium. The first-line therapy drug that’s suggested by WHO is artemisinin combined therapy. However, artemisinin has a few limitations. It has low solubility both in water and in oil, and it has low bioavaibility, making it’s effectiveness to be low. To enhance it’s effectiveness, antimalaria drug delivery system in nanocarrier is needed. The objective of this research is to determine the formula to artemisinin nanocarrier system using poloxamer and PLGA that has better antimalarial activity than the standard artemisinin. Artemisinin nanocarrier system was prepared using poloxamer and PLGA as polymer with nanoprecipitation method. Product characterization such as particle size, polidispersity index, entrapment efficiency, and release profile was examined. Examination of antimalarial activity of artemisinin nanocarrier system was performed by incubating the preparation with parasite cell suspension in test medium for 48 hours. Observation of parasite cell was done by preparing thick blood smears and observed under microscope at 1000 times magnification. The particle size of the nanocarrier at PLGA concentration level 0,2%, 0,4%, 0,6%, 0,8% and 1% respectively were 133,5±10,57 nm; 148,4±9,66 nm; 158,05±9,82 nm; 247,8±2,82 nm; dan 261±9,062 nm. Artemisinin entrapment efficiency at each formula were 83,87±0.18%, 85,4±1,89%, 87,44±4,87%, 87,19±0,36%, and 87,71±0,36%. The statistical results of malaria activity test from the artemisinin nanocarrier were analyzed using the independent two-sample test (p<0,05). Artemisinin nanocarrier using PLGA and poloxamer that have significant differences to artemisinin control is at dosage level of 10 ppm. The formula that have better antimalarial activity than the standard artemisinin is at 10% poloxamer concentration, 10 ppm artemisinin dosage, and PLGA at 0,2; 0,4; 0,6; 0,8; and 1 % concentration.