UJI POTENSI NANOEMULSI KURKUMIN SEBAGAI ANTIHIPERTENSI DAN ANTIHIPERKOLESTEROL SECARA IN VITRO

• Main Author: Surya Soraya, Irene
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/45391
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Atherosclerosis and hypertension often lead to the development of cardiovascular pathologies which might result in myocardial infarction and stroke. Statins are widely used to lower cholesterol levels while antihypertensive agents such as kaptopril are widely prescribed to lower blood pressure levels. Curcumin, a phenolic compound isolated from Curcuma longa is proven for broadspectrum of diseases, therefore promising as an alternative therapeutic compound. Our previous studies have proven a significant increased in physical properties, bioavailability, and stability of curcumin when encapsulated in nanoemulsion. The purpose of this study is to test the potential benefit of nanoemulsion in enhancing curcumin activity as antihypertensive and antihypercholesterolemia agent in vitro. Established composition and process of curcumin loaded nanoemulsion was used for this study, resulting drop size of 42.93 ± 29.85 nm, polidispersity index of 0.36 ± 0.04, zeta potential of -0.12 ± 0.50, entrapment efficiency of 89.89 ± 8.18 %, and loading capacity of 9.06 ± 0.92 mg/ g oil phase. Antihypertensive activity of curcumin was evaluated by the inhibition of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) in vitro. In inhibiting ACE, synthetic substrate hippuryl-L-histidyl-L-leucine was allowed to react with a test sample containing ACE to produce hippuric acid. Dried hippuric acid was dissolved in distilled water, the absorbance of the solution was determined in ultraviolet region and ACE inhibition activity was calculated. Antihypercholesterolemia activity of curcumin was studied using HMG- CoA reductase assay equipped with UV 96 well plate. This assay was based on the spectrophotometric measurement of the decrease in absorbance which represents the oxidation of NADPH by the catalytic subunit of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) in the presence of the substrate HMG-CoA. Curcumin is known to have no significant difference in inhibiting ACE compared to kaptopril, but when it was incorporated in the self-nanoemulsifying carrier, it increased slightly the inhibitory effect on ACE. In contrast, the effect of curcumin in reducing cholesterol based on HMGR assay was more pronounce. Curcumin encapsulated in nanoemulsion showed significant cholesterol lowering activity when compared to standard drug of pravastatin. Therefore, we conclude that curcumin does not show any ACE inhibitory effect, but plays role as a good alternative in treating hyperlipidaemia. Curcumin encapsulated in nanoemulsion increased not only the HMGR inhibition, but also ACE inhibition of curcumin, suggested due to improved solubility in the test systems.