FORMULASI GEL EKSTRAK ETANOL KULIT PISANG (MUSA ABB GROUP ‘BLUGGOE’) DAN PENENTUAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP PROPIONIBACTERIUM ACNES SERTA UJI IRITASI IN VIVO

• Main Author: Permatasari, Devi
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/45412
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Acne vulgaris is a disorder of chronic inflammation of pilosebaceous follicle characterized by non-inflammatory and inflammatory lesion. Treatment of acne could be done by inhibiting the growth of Propionibacterium acnes. However, prolonged antibiotic usage whether oral or topical could lead to resistance of P. acnes. Banana peel is empirically used as antiacne and has known to have antibacterial activity. The aim of this research is to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethanol extract of banana peel, to develope it in gel formula and test its antibacterial activity against P.acnes and also primary irritation test using New Zealand albino rabbit. Banana peel was extracted by reflux method using ethanol 96%. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of extract banana peel was determined using broth microdilution method. Furthermore, the gel formula of banana peel was developed. The formula was evaluated, include organoleptic, viscosity, pH, antibacterial activity, accelerated stability test, and primary irritation test. Stability test was performed for 30 days in room temperature (25 o C) and 40 o C with humidity 75%. The extract yield was 9.76% w/w. MIC of banana peel extract was 5 mg/mL. Antibacterial activity of 5 mg/mL banana peel extract was equal to 30.56 ppm tetracycline HCl. After optimized, the final formula of the gel contained 8% ethanol extract of banana peel, 8% HPMC, 15% propylene glycol, 1% sodium metabisulfite, 13.6% ethanol (96%), and 54.4% distilled water. During storage, there was no change in color and odor of the gel. The results of statistical analysis using t-student method indicated that there was no significant difference in viscosity and pH during storage. However, there was significant difference (P < 0,05) in inhibitory diameter against P.acnes. Primary irritation test of gel in New Zealand albino rabbit revealed that there was no skin irritation. Gel contained 8% ethanol exctract of banana peel could inhibit the growth of Propionibacterium acnes. The formula showed stable color, odor, pH, and viscosity but there was significant reduction of inhibitory diameter during storage. Primary irritation test exposed that gel was safe for topical use.