THE INFLUENCE OF ETHANOL EXCTRACT OF ZINGIBERIS OFFICINALIS RHIZOME, BOESENBERGIAE PANDURATAE RHIZOME , AND STEVIAE REBAUDIANAE FOLIUM TOWARD AMOXCICILLIN, VANCOMYCIN, AND KETOCENZOLE ACTIVITIES AGAINST MOUTH MICROBES

• Main Author: Agprikani, Deani
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/45456
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Infection caused by bacteria or fungi in teeth and mouth are infection that commonly found, but many people didn’t care about it. Antimicrobes that commonly prescribed by the doctor are amoxicillin and ketoconazole. But along with development of herbal medicine, it can be used as main treatment or adjuvant. The objective of this research is to study the influence of ethanol extract of Stevia rebaudiana, Boesenbergia pandurata, Zingiber officinale var rubrum toward amoxicillin, vankomycin, and ketoconazole activities against mouth microbes including Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus with in vitro method. Activity of antimicrobes of each plant tested by microdilution method to determinate minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal or fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC). The result of the research showed ethanol extract of Stevia rebaudiana has MIC and MBC for Staphylococcus aureus respectively 512 and 2048 ?g/mL, for Streptococcus mutans respectively 256 and >2048 ?g/mL, and not anti Candida albicans activities. Ethanol extract of Boesenbergia pandurata has MIC and MBC for Staphylococcus aureus respectively 64 and >2048 ?g/mL, for Streptococcus mutans respectively 128 dan >2048 ?g/mL, and not anti Candida albicans activities. Ethanol extract of Zingiber officinale var rubrum has MIC and MBC for Candida albicans respectively 2048 and >2048 ?g/mL and not antibacterial activities. Antimicrobes activities of each plant toward synthetic antibiotic tested by checkerboard microdilution method. Combination of ketoconazole with all extracts are synergistic against Candida albicans. Combination of amoxicillin and ethanol extract of Stevia rebaudiana was aditiv against Streptococcus mutans and was synergistic when it combined with Boesenbergia pandurata; combination of vancomycin and ethanol extract of Stevia rebaudiana was synergistic, also of Boesenbergia pandurata. Toward Staphylococcus aureus, combination between amoxicillin and ethanol extract of Stevia rebaudiana was synergistic and aditive when it combined with Boesenbergia pandurata; combination of ethanol extract of Stevia rebaudiana and Boesenbergia pandurata with vancomycin were synergistic. Ethanol extract of Zingiber officinale var rubrum was indifferent if combined with amoxicillin and vancomycin.