Resistance Pattern of Inpatient’s Sputum Bacterial against Antibiotics in a Hospital in Bandung

• Main Author: Puspa Mentari, Anjani
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/45505
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Indonesia is a developing country with infectious diseases caused by pathogenic bacterial is very common. Treatment of infectious diseases is with antibiotics. Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a global problem that often occurs especially in the hospital environment. One way to prevent the spread of bacterial resistance to antibiotics and control of bacterial infections is to create a pattern of bacterial resistance to antibiotics in hospitals. Patients who hospitalized are susceptible to suffer a nosocomial infection, therefore it is necessary to control bacterial infection and uses of antibiotics so that patients will receive safe, effective and rational treatment. This study aims to identify resistance pattern of inpatients sputum bacteria against antibiotics in a hospital in Bandung. This study was conducted by reviewing specimen culture results of patients from January- March, April-June, July-September; and October-December in 2014. From this study, the bacteria that found in the patient’s sputum were Streptococcus mitis/Streptococcus oralis (13%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9%), Acinetobacter baumanii (7.2%), Streptococcus salivarius (5.6%), Streptococcus parasanguinis (5.2%), Staphylococcus aureus (2.6%), and Streptococcus alactolyticus (2,6%). The result of antibiotics sensitivity testing showed resistance Streptococcus mitis/Streptococcus oralis to gentamicin, amikacin, kanamycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxsazole with sensitivity 22.6%, 9.7%, 0%, and 22.6%; resistance Klebsiella penumoniae to ampicillin and amoxicillin with 0% sensitivity respectively; resistance Pseudomonas aeruginosa to kanamycin, ampicillin-sulbactam, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxsazole, tigecycline, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ampicillin, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone with 0% sensitivity respectively and ceftizoxime with 11.1% sensitivity; resistance Acinetobacter baumanii to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ampicillin, amoxicillin, cefuroxime and ceftriaxone with 0% sensitivity respectively; resistance Streptococcus salivarius to amikacin, gentamicin, and kanamycin with sensitivity 11.1%, 22.2% and 0%; resistance Streptococcus parasanguinis to amikacin and kanamycin with 33.3% sensitivity respectively; resistance Streptococcus alactolyticus to amikacin and kanamycin with 0% sensitivity respectively; whereas Staphylococcus aureus showed no resistance to all antibiotics tested (100% sensitivity). Streptococcus mitis/Streptococcus oralis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus salivarius, Staphylococcus aureus dan Streptococcus alactolyticus hadn’t change sensitivity in the 1st to 4th quarter period observation. Resistance pattern Pseudomonas aeruginosa was sensitive in 1st quarter period, became resistance in 2nd quarter period dan became sensitive in 3rd and 4th quarter period; Acinetobacter baumanii and Streptococcus parasanguinis was resistance to antibiotics tested in 1st and 2nd quarter period but became sensitive in 3rd and 4th quarter period. The used of antibiotics for bacterial infection of inpatient’s sputum in a hospital was appropriate.