UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI KURKUMIN DAN KOMBINASINYA DENGAN ANTIBIOTIK SECARA IN VITRO DAN IN SITU PADA PUNGGUNG KELINCI

• Main Author: Puspatriani, Khairunnisa
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/45522
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The excessive use of antibiotics in society may cause various problems, primarily microbial resistance to antibiotics, which is becoming a global threat to public health. Besides the influence in morbidity and mortality rate, it can also cause a negative impact on economical and social aspects. Increasing cases of microbial resistance to antibiotics has raised the need for novel antimicrobial compounds which may be derived from plants. One of the approaches to overcome microbial resistance is the use of drug combinations. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of combined natural plant-derived compound (curcumin) with tetracycline and ciprofloxacin in vitro against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, followed by the evaluation of in situ antibacterial activity of topical preparation of the combined compounds on rabbits skin and determine the safety of the topical preparation. Determination of curcumin antibacterial activity through the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) test and its interaction with tetracycline and ciprofloxacin, as well as the measurement of the severity of infection percentage on rabbits skin which were infected with Staphylococcus aureus and treated with topical preparation of combined compounds. The MIC of curcumin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus are 64, 2, and 0.125 µg/mL respectively. The MIC of curcumin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin against Escherichia coli are 64, 16, and 0.0625 µg/mL respectively. The interaction between curcumin and both tetracycline and ciprofloxacin showed FIC Index value under 1, hence categorized as synergistic interaction. From in situ experiments, tetracycline 1% and curcumin 2% ointment showed the highest decrease of total score significantly (p<0.05) compared to positive control. The dermal and ocular irritation test showed no response of irritation. The combination of curcumin and both tetracycline and ciprofloxacin showed a synergistic interaction against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Tetracycline 1% and curcumin 2% ointment showed the strongest antibacterial activity over the course of treatment. The ointment did not irritate the skin and eyes of rabbits.