FORMULATION, IN VITRO AND IN VIVO EVALUATION OF SUN PROTECTION FACTOR OF AQUEOUS CASSAVA LEAVES EXTRACT (Manihot esculenta Crantz) CREAM

• Main Author: Amijaya Fitri, Yova
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/45714
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Prolonged human exposure to ultraviolet radiation may cause skin damage, like erythema, premature aging of the skin, and skin cancer. The sunscreen preparation can protect the skin from harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation. Natural substances that have been recently considered as photo protective agents are flavonoids. One of the plants that is known have high flavonoid content is cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz). The purpose of this research was determine the sun protection factor (SPF) of aqueous cassava leaf extract by ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy method (in vitro), formulation cream of aqueous cassava leaf extract, and in vivo evaluation of sun protection factor (SPF) of aqueous cassava leaf extract cream. Cassava leaves were collected and processed into simplicia. Simplicia was extracted by digestion maceration method using aqueous as solvent. The rendement of extract was obtained 16.59%. Total flavonoid content determined by colourimetry method and was obtained 5,046 mg RE / g of aqueous cassava leaf extract. SPF in vitro tested of 270 ppm aqueous cassava leaf extract was 8.40. Aqueous cassava leaf extract was formulated into water in oil cream consisted of liquid paraffin, cetostearyl alcohol, cetomacrogol 1000, cetyl alcohol, propylene glycol, preservative and distillated water. Organoleptic, pH, viscosity, and physical stability of cream were evaluated. Irritation test of cream showed no irritation on rabbit’s skin with primary irritation index 0. Cream showed good physical stability consisted of 52.2% of liquid paraffin, 5% cetostearyl alcohol, 3% cetomacrogol 1000, 3% cetyl alcohol, 12% propylene glycol, 0.2% preservatives, 22% distillated water, and 2,5% extract. The minimal erythema dose (MED) of albino rabbits of New Zealand strain was 1.494 J/cm2. The result of In vivo test of aqueous cassava leaf extract cream showed a SPF number of 1.95.