EFFECT OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF BINAHONG LEAVES, TEMPUYUNG LEAVES, AND GARLIC BULBS AS VASODILATOR WITH NITRITE OXIDE RELEASE ON WISTAR RAT

• Main Author: Safithri Sinulingga, Amanda
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/45819
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

WHO reported that non communicable diseases (NCDs) were the main cause of worldwide mortality with the cardiovascular disorder as the primary cause. Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is one of cardiovascular disorder with high mortality rate. The primary cause of CHF is coronary artery disease (CAD) and hypertension. Calcium channel blocker and nitrate were the vasodilator drugs for heart failure patients. Human body would secret some basic vasodilators, such as NO (Nitrite Oxide) as a response of blood vessel constriction. Initial study, a case control study conducted retrospectively, that were performed in one of hospital in Bandung area, showed that vasodilator therapy were given to patients with persistent hypertension (amlodipine) and concomitant angina (ISDN). The objectives of this research were to find vasodilator drug from plant extract. Study were performed on female Wistar rat that were given binahong, tempuyung, and garlic extract. The rats were divided into 8 groups (5 rats for each group) which consist of normal control, ISDN as standard drug, and 6-7 groups of extracts (binahong, tempuyung, and garlic extract which doses for each extract were 50 mg/kg bw and 100 mg/kg bw). Blood were taken before extracts administration and at 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after extracts oral administration. Blood serum were measured for NO concentration by using Griess reagent. Vasodilator therapy were given to 45,45% patients (79% amlodipin, 14% ISDN, and 7% nifedipin). Experimental study showed that ISDN could increase NO concentration significantly (P < 0,05) at 60 minutes after drug administration. Binahong extract 100 mg/kg bw group also showed a significant increase of NO concentration at 15, 30, and 45 minutes after drug administration. This also observed on garlic extract 100 mg/kg bw group at 30 minutes after drug administration. Both groups of tempuyung extract (50 mg/kg bw and 100 mg/kg bw) did not show a significant increase of NO concentration. In conclusion, binahong extract 100 mg/kg bw and garlic extract 100 mg/kg bw has vasodilatation effect by increasing NO concentration faster than ISDN.