FORMULATION AND IN VIVO EVALUATION OF IMMUNOGENICITY EFFECT OF NANOSTRUCTURED LIPID CARRIERS CONTAINING JACALIN AS ADJUVANT FOR SUBCUTANEOUS AND TRANSCUTANEOUS VACCINE DELIVERY

• Main Author: Samhana Permana, Alyani
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/45867
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

A major challenge for the use of subunit vaccines is the fact that they show poor immunogenic effect. Furthermore, protein subunit vaccines have low in vivo and in vitro stabilities. Therefore, an effective subunit vaccine delivery system is required to provide appropriate specific immune response. The objective of this research was to develop subcutaneous and transcutaneous vaccine delivery system in the form of nanostrucured lipid carriers (NLC). NLC were prepared by ultrasonic emulsification and low temperature solidification method. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used as antigen protein model and incorporated into lipophilic phase as PEG 20000 solid dispersion. NLC were prepared using a mixture of Suppocire ® NA and oleic acid as lipophilic phase and stabilized by Polysorbate 80 as surfactant and PEG 400 as cosurfactant. The NLC were developed further by adding an adjuvant of jacalin, which is a lectin isolated from jackfruit seed (Artocarpus integrifolia). Two types of formula were constructed. Firstly, BSA-jacalin loaded NLC that consisted of Suppocire ® NA (4.5%), oleic acid (0.5%), Polysorbate 80 (6%), PEG 400 (4%), BSA solid dispersion (1%), and jacalin solid dispersion (0.25%) with average particle size of 143.13 ± 9.98 nm. Secondly, jacalin conjugate BSA-loaded NLC that consisted of Suppocire ® NA (4.5%), oleic acid (0.5%), Polysorbate 80 (6%), PEG 400 (4%), BSA solid dispersion (1%), and jacalin (0.05%) with average particle size of 117.57 ± 1.28 nm. The protein entrapment efficiency of NLC was higher than 90 %. In vivo immunogenicity study showed that BSA-jacalin loaded NLC formula when administered subcutaneously provided the highest antibody titer compared to NLC-bases, BSA-loaded NLC, jacalin conjugate BSA-loaded NLC, and BSA solution formula with an antibody titer of 64 fold of normal group after 35 days (p<0.001). Additionally, the group treated with jacalin conjugate BSA-loaded NLC formula exhibited the highest antibody titer compared to the group treated wih NLC-bases, BSA-loaded NLC, BSA-jacalin loaded NLC, and BSA solution formula (p<0.001). The group treated with jacalin conjugate BSA loaded NLC formula both subcutaneously and transcutaneously exhibited a higher interferon-? titer compared to the other groups, however the difference was insignificant ( p >0.05).