THE EFFECT OF PHARMACIST INTERVENTION ON DISPENSING ERROR INCIDENCE RATES IN OUTPATIENT PHARMACY FOR NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE IN PERSAHABATAN HOSPITAL JAKARTA

• Main Author: Parmawati, Yanni
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/45946
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Medication errors can occur at every stage of drug delivery prosess since prescription, transcription, dispensing and administration. Medication errors can harm patients and induce adverse drug events (ADE), which can actually be prevented. Dispensing erros can arise at any stage during drug dispensing process in hospital pharmacy. Pharmacists are in a strategic position to minimize and prevent medication errors. This study aims to determine incidence and types of dispensing errors in Outpatient Hospital Pharmacy for National Health Insurance (NHI) pre and post intervention at Persahabatan Hospital Jakarta, as well as determine the effect of pharmacist interventions to decrease the incidence of dispensing errors, determine correlation between dispensing time and the number of dispensing error and the number of dispensed item with the number of dispensing error. The study used a quasi experimental research design with a separate design sample pre-test post-test. Data collection was performed concurrently by direct observation of drug dispensing prosess identified at the final check stage pre and post intervention in the Outpatient Hospital Pharmacy for NHI in Persahabatan Hospital Jakarta during a two-weeks period pre and post intervention respectively. Intervention was carried out during three weeks periode consists of the observation result presentation including communication approach /discussion/advice, stickers/labels at the critical point of error based on identification of incidence and types of dispensing errors detected during pre-intervention, distribution of leaflets to the pharmacy staff as well as the assignment of human resources of pharmacists and assistant pharmacists. The dispensing errors rates decreased from 8.27% pre intervention (574/6939 item dispensed) to 3.14% (221/7039 item dispensed) post intervention. The incidence and types of dispensing errors identified on pre and post intervention from the most frequent types as follows : wrong instruction on label (6.79% decreased to 2.43%), wrong to give a copy prescription (0.58% decreased to 0.14%), wrong quantity (0.49% decreased to 0.17%), omission (0.24% decreased to 0.10%), wrong medication (0.1% decreased to 0.09%), wrong dose (0.07 % increased to 0.21%), and patient identity (0%) both pre and post pharmacist intervention. Through the pharmacist interventions, dispensing error decreased significantly (p< 0.05). A significant correlation was found between dispensing time and the number of dispensing error pre intervention (p<0.05). No significant correlation was found between dispensing time and the number of dispensing error post intervention, the number of dispensed item and the number of dispensing error both pre and post intervention (p>0.05). The finding of the increasing number in dosing errors post intervention showed that monitoring and evaluation as well as feedback to the pharmacy staff should be conducted routinely and periodically.