MENGENALI ALUR-ALUR UPAYA PENDEKATAN UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN PROFESI DAN BISNIS KONSULTANSI DI INDONESIA

• Main Author: Akmasj (NIM 25594005), Muhammad
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/4595
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

<b></i>Abstract : </b><i><p align=\"justify\"> <br /> Consultancy, as a professional institution, has a very strategic role in development processes, particularly in developing countries. It plays a key role in shaping the functioning of technology in such processes, and has a direct impact to the implementation of economic activities of the country. <br /> In developing countries like Indonesia, where industrialisation is a major agenda, the role of consultancy and the establishment of a strong profession in that field is even more important. <br /> Effectively, the emergence of consultancy as a national professional institution in Indonesia started in the early seventies, when the pace of economic development started to take place at high rates. In 1996 the volume of consulting business has reached about three trillion rupiahs, and the number of consulting firms were around four thousand sixhundred. <br /> However, the growth of the capacity of national consulting firms to deliver consulting services has taken place at a much slower pace. A major factor that leads to the observed phenomena is that, there is a gap between the type and level of consulting skills and ability that are available and those that are in demand. <br /> This study is therefore undertaken to identify key factors that forms the foundation for the mastery of consulting skills and ability, and the processes through wich such mastery can be developed. <br /> In the attempt, information about the pattern and state of consulting practices in Indonesia are gathered through observation and interviews. Intiatives undertaken by the government and professional associations directed to improve the quality of consulting in Indonesia, as well as policies and regulations concerning consultancy are studied. Review of published literature and report concerning the subject were also made. <br /> The following can be noted :(a) In most cases, consulting firms in Indonesia do not have a clear strategy for knowledge acquisition and in managing their technology resources in the form of expert personnel and supporting systems (hardware and software) ; it appears that the relationship between technology acquisition and management with the growth of their business is only notionally understood ; (b) The institutional and business practices do not facilitate the healthy development of consulting practices ; policies tends to deal with immediate problems, and lack of strategic directions ; (c) Presently, the consulting professional association has not been functioning as expected in dealing with strategic issues in establishing strong national consulting institution ; and (d) The institutional linkages between consulting profession and the universities and information centers have not been satisfactorily established. In one hand consulting firms have, in most cases, exploitative towards the universities, and in the other hand the universities have not undertake programs that are relevant towards the formation of professional skills and practices that are required in consulting. <br /> To investigate possible approaches whereby the mentioned problems can be properly addressed, a generic system dynamics model describing the structural behavior and performance of a consulting organisation, focusing on aspects that are most relevant to the processes in knowledge acquisition and technology management was constructed. By way of simulation, the model responses to market demand, in terms of knowledge and technology capacity and capability development, were investigated. <br /> In terms of system parameters, the investigation were made on how the consulting organisation capability in delivering their services in the competitive market is improving or degrading, as effected by the changes in patterns of resource allocation to acquire knowledge and technology support devices. <br /> The model simulation reveals that resource allocation has to be adaptively tuned to market demand, not only in terms of the quantity being allocated, but also when shall be done. Futhermore, it is also indicated that, in technology capability and capacity building, attention should be first directed to the ability to respond to the client order rate. Once this is achieved, the organisation has to develop their competitiveness. On this undertaking, efforts must first be directed to improve the quality of services delivered. The next stage is developing capabilities to add attractive features to the services delivered. <br /> In terms of external inputs, the capacity to sustain capability development and performance improvement is very much affected by the level of billing rates for the services provided. The present government regulated billing rate for national consultants needs re-evaluation to stimulate performance quality improvement undertakings amongst national consulting organisations, leading towards enhancing their competitiveness in the increasingly liberalised market. <br /> Based on the combined information that are revealed from analysis through observation of the developments of the situation of the consulting industry in developing countries and in Indonesia, and the results of model simulation, one can point out that the following course of actions may also be considered : a) development of strategic roles of consultant\'s association, in connection with market demand development, export of services, determination of experties qualification as entry barrier, supply - demand analysis, and development of new area of consulting services that are expected to be very much in demand in the coming future ; b) improvement of mutually benefit cooperation between consultancy business/profession and universities, R & D institutions, professional societies and commodity/services industry institution. <br /> Further study to clar the relations between internal dynamic components of consulting organisation and its external elements still have to be undertaken. It is suggested that the research is focused to efforts in clarifying in details the necessary course of actions to support sustainable development of consulting profession and business.