EFEK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KEMANGI (OCIMUM AMERICANUM L.) TERHADAP TUKAK LAMBUNG TIKUS WISTAR BETINA YANG DIINDUKSI STRES

• Main Author: Hanni Maryam, Manta
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/46017
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Gastric ulcer is caused by an imbalance of aggressive and defensive factors in the stomach. Gastric ulcer can also cause bleeding even perforation if untreated. Gastric or peptic ulcer can occurs due to many factors, i.e. under Helicobacter pylori infection, excessive alcohol consumption, prolonged use of NSAIDs, and stress. Stomach is one of the main organ damaged by stress. Ocimum americanum L. is a plant that widely cultivated in Indonesia and traditionally is used to treat coughs, inflammation, and pain in rheumatoid arthritis. Previous research has shown that Ocimum americanum L. has antioxidant, anti- inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial activity. This study aimed to test the effect of Ocimum americanum L. leaves in preventing and healing stress-induced gastric ulcers in rats. The active ingredients of Ocimum americanum L. leaves are isolated by reflux with ethanol 96% as solvent. For preventive test, the extract at doses of 150 and 250 mg/kg were given orally for three days. Vitamin E 50 mg/kg was used as reference. The rats were induced to get ulcer by immersed in water. In curative test, the extract and vitamin E were given for 7 consecutive days after stress induction. Ulcer index parameter (IT) of each animal is determined through ulcer number and diameter scores. In both tests, the positive control group showed the highest IT, i.e. 18.4 for preventive test and 19,6 for curative test, with ulcer number and diameter scores significantly different to the normal group (p <0.01). Both doses of test extracts showed anti-ulcer and ulcer-healing activity indicated by its lower ulcer index, with significantly different in ulcer number score compared to the positive control for dose of 150 mg/kg, and significantly different in ulcer number and diameter scores compared to the positive control for dose of 250 mg/kg. Through histological examination of the stomach tissues showed that the two doses of extract group could improve the stomach tissue. The ethanol extract of Ocimum americanum L. leaves at doses of 150 and 250 mg/kg can prevent and heal gastric ulcer induced by stress. The extract showed better anti ulcer activity at high dose i.e. 250 mg/kg.