METAL-ION IMPRINTED POLYMERS FOR SEPARATION, PRE-CONCENTRATION AND PD(II) ION ANALYSIS

• Main Author: Windyasari, Intan
• Format: Dissertations
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Kimia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/46632
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Palladium, a member of Platinum Group Metals – PGMs, has important roles in industry advancements, particularly automotive and electronic industries, and industries that produce dental alloy equipment. To maintain a continues supply of palladium, various techniques to extract palladium have been developed. To date, efforts are still ongoing to discover reliable methods with high selectivity to extract palladium from real samples. The more extensive usage of palladium in various fields give negative impact to environment and more importantly, to life quality. Thereby, a routine monitoring on paladium level in the environment is required not only to evaluate the level of paladium polution but also to estimate the danger caused by palladium to human health and ecosystem in the future. The determination of palladium with high accuracy and selectivity remains to be a challange due to the low concentration of this metal in environment and the complexity of the matrix where the metal presence. Therefore, an accurate measurement method for palladium metal requires a suitable separation method that can be used to extract palladium, and also a pre-concentration method with high selectivity to analyse the palladium concentration in a complex sample. SPE (Solid Phase Extraction) is one of versatile methodes that has been widely used in the separation and pre- concentration processes. SPE mainly uses Ion imprinted polymers (IIPs) as functional materials. IIPs have advantages of fast binding kinetic, highly reusable, high absorption capacity, and easy to be used in automation of extraction process. The selection of suitable complexing agent or ligand in the IIPs synthesis can lead to a good material with high selectivity, and could replace other sorbent materials. In this study, ion-imprinted polymers (IIPs) for Paladium (Pd) metal has been synthesized. The synthesis strategy involved entrapment and chemical immobilization of binary (B) complex of ion Pd(II) with diphenyl carbazide (DPC) ligand and also ternary (T) complex, which contains additional vinyl pyridine (VP) ligand, into the styrene-divinyl benzene (PSDVB) polymer. Functional characterizations have been done including fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetry Analysis (TGA), Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) Surface Area Analysis and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). Following these characterizations, retention characterization analysis with batch method has also been done. The adsorption test using batch method showed that the optimal adsorption condition was achieved at pH 3 and contact time of 60 min, with the maximum retention capacity (qmax) for Non-Imprinted Polymers-B (NIPs-B), IIPs-B, NIPs-T dan IIPs-T of 14.02 mg.g-1, 25.23 mg.g- 1, 36.25 mg.g-1 and 75.78 mg.g-1, respectively. Both binary and ternary polymers followed pseudo second order kinetics and the Langmuir isoterm model, with the adsorption selectivity factor on ion Pd(II) in the presence of ions Cu(II), Ni (II) and Au(III), the synthesized polymers had selectivity factor (S) of (in the order of selectivity): Pd2+/Ni2+ > Pd2+/Cu2+ > Pd2+/Au3+. To evaluate the analytical performance of the synthesized polymer, assays to quantitate the concentration of ion Pd(II) have been done using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS) method on sample from environtmental waste. The results from this research could give scientific contribution to the development of the synthesis techniques and provide informations on the performace of Pd-IIPs sorbent as binery or ternary complexes. The synthesized IIPs materials from this research could be used as selective sorbent for retention, separation and pre-concentration of palladium ion in the FAAS- based analysis.